El habla dirigida a los niños y la que se dirige a los adultos difieren sistemáticamente en varios aspectos que son identificables. La investigación que presentamos tiene por objeto verificar dichas variaciones en los rasgos tonales del habla dirigida a los niños. Se recogieron muestras de lenguaje de 30 madres y sus hijos de entre 2 y 4 años, así como de otras 30 mujeres, a las que los niños conocían, en interacción diádica espontánea. Se midieron cuatro parámetros del habla adulta, todos ellos relacionados con el tono de las emisiones: la frecuencia fundamental media, el rango de frecuencia, la frecuencia máxima y la frecuencia mínima. Los resultados muestran valores significativamente más altos en el habla a los niños que en el habla a los adultos en tres parámetros y no indican variación en el cuarto. Las diferencias tendían a reducirse a medida que los niños eran mayores, pero seguían siendo significativas para el grupo de niños de 4 años. Las madres no diferían en el tono de habla a los niños de las otras mujeres que no eran las madres en ninguno de los parámetros. Ofrecemos una interpretación pragmática evolutiva de la incidencia del input en la adquisición del lenguaje infantil que enfatiza el papel de la interacción madre-niño en el aprendizaje del lenguaje por parte del niño y en su acceso al mundo social.
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