Se analizan primeramente algunos invariantes cognitivos precoces en el desarrollo (la constancia visual del tamaño y la permanencia del objeto), para facilitar el estudio de las conservaciones en un marco conceptual y evolutivo apropiado. La dicotomía de tendencias existente entre los autores sobre esta noción de conservación se refleja igualmente en los invariantes cognitivos anteriores, debido principalmente a la presencia de determinados presupuestos epistemológicos. Concluye el trabajo defendiendo la tesis de que las discrepancias son, en principio, de carácter semántico, en el sentido de que los mismos invariantes recubrirían, según los autores, procesos cognitivos diferentes, implicando niveles distintos de procesamiento de información.
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