El juego se ha constituido muy recientemente en área de investigación empirica, y los resultados obtenidos han adquirido una relevancia directa para la práctica educativa. Muchas de las investigaciones han sido descriptivas y han intentado delimitar los diferentes tipos de juego que cabe esperar hallar en el ámbito preescolar. La atención se ha centrado en el juego físico activo, el juego con manipulación de objetos, y el juego imaginativo, atendiendo en cada caso a las manifestaciones y funciones de cada actividad. En otros estudios se han investigado los efectos de determinados programas de juego en centros preescolares, haciendo hincapié en la distinción entre programas libres y estructurados. También se han investigado las condiciones físicas que facilitan el juego para establecer el papel desempeñado por determinados tipos de juguetes, por los diversos tipos de disposición espacial en los que se da el juego, y por el número de niños asignados a una cantidad de espacio. Recientemente, el papel desempeñado por los adultos en el desarrollo del juego también se ha constituido en objeto de investigación.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AldisO.Play fighting.Nueva York y Londres: Academic Press, 1975.
2.
AxlineV.M. Dibs In search of self. Londres: Golancz, 1966.
3.
BentovimA.The role of play in psycho-therapeutic work with children and their families. EnTizardB.HarveyD. (Eds.). Biology of Play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemann.1977, 185–198.
4.
Blurton JonesN.An ethological study of some aspects of social behaviour of children in nursery school. EnMorrisD. (ed.). Primate ethology.Londres: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1967, 347–368.
5.
Blurton JonesN.Categories of child-child interaction. EnBlurton JonesN. (ed.) Ethological studies of child behaviour.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972, 97–127.
6.
BrunerJ.S.The nature and uses of immaturity.American Psychologist.1972, 27, 687–708.
7.
BrunerJ.S.JollyA.SylvaK.Play: Its role in development and evolution.Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976.
8.
BurnsS.M.BrainerdC.J.Effects of constructive and dramatic play on perspective taking in very young children.Developmental Psychology.1979, 15, 512–521.
9.
DanskyJ.L.Make-believe: A mediator of the relationships between play and associative fluency.Child Development.1980, 51, 576–579(a).
10.
DanskyJ.L.Cognitive consequences of sociodramatic play and exploration training for economically disadvantaged preschoolers.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.1980, 21, 47–58(b).
11.
DanskyJ.L.SilvermanI.W.Effects of play on associative fluency in preschool aged children.Developmental Psychology.1973, 9, 38–44.
12.
DanskyJ.L.SilvermanI.W.Play: A general facilitator of associative fluency.Developmental Psychology.1975. 11, 104.
13.
DermanA.Children's play: design approaches and theoretical issues.Man-Environment Systems.1974, 4, 69–88.
14.
DipietroJ. A.Rough and tumble play: A function of gender.Developmental Psychology.1981, 17, 50–58.
15.
DunnJ.WoodingC.Play in the home and its implications for learning. EnTizardB.HarveyD., (eds). Biology of Play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemann.1977, 45–58.
16.
FagenR.M.Exercise, play and physical training in animals. EnBatesonP.P.G.KlopferR.H. (Eds.). Perspectives in Ethology, Vol 2.Nueva York: Plenum Press, 1976.
17.
FagenR.M.Animal play behavior. Nueva York y Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981.
18.
FeinG.Pretend play in childhood: an integrative review.Child Development, en prensa.
FieldT.M.Preschool play: effects of teachers/child ratios and organization of classroom space.Child Study Journal.1980, 10, 191–205.
21.
FinkR.S.Role of imaginative play in cognitive development.Psychological Reports.1976, 39, 895–906.
22.
FreybergJ.Increasing the imaginative play of urban disadvantaged children through systematic training. EnSingerJ. (ed.). The child's world of make-believe.Nueva York y Londres: Academic Press, 1973.
23.
GarveyC.Play.Londres: Fontana/Open Books, 1977.
24.
GolombC.CorneliusC.B.Symbolic play and its cognitive significance.Developmental Psychology1977, 13, 246–252.
25.
GordonI.J.JesterR.E.Techniques of observing teaching in early childhood and outcomes of particular procedures. EnTraversR.M.W. (ed) Second handbook of research on teaching.Chicago: Rand McNally, 1973, 184–217.
26.
GottmanJ.M.ParkhurstJ.T. Developing may not always be improving: A developmental study of children's best friendships. Encuentro de la SRCD, New Orleans. 1977.
27.
GramzaA.F.Preferences of preschool children for enterable toy boxes.Perceptual and Motor Skills.1970. 31, 177–178.
28.
GramzaA.F.CorushJ.EllisM.J.Children's play on trestles differing in complexity: a study of play equipment design.Journal of Leisure Research.1972, 4, 303–311.
29.
GramzaA.F.ScholtzG.J.L.Children's responses to visual complexity in a play setting.Psychological Reports.1974, 35, 895–899.
30.
GriffingP.The relationship between socioeconomic status and sociodramatic play among black kindergarten children.Genetic Psychology Monographs.1980, 101, 3–34.
31.
GuthrieK.HudsonL.M.Training conservation through symbolic play: A second look.Child Development.1979, 50, 1269–1271.
32.
HartupW.W.Children and their friends. EnMcgurkH.. Issues in childhood social development.Londres: Methuen, 1978, 130–170.
33.
Huston SteinA.Friedrich CoferL.SusmanE.J.The relation of classroom structure to social behavior, imaginative play, and self-regulation of economically disadvantaged children.Child Development, 1977, 48, 908–916.
34.
HuttC.Play in the under-fives: Form, development and function. EnHowellsJ.G. (ed) Modern perspectives in the psychiatry of infancy.Nueva York: Brunner-/Mazel, 1979.95–141.
35.
HuttC.BhavnaniR.Predictions from play.Nature.1972, 237, 171–172.
36.
KonnerM.J.Aspects of the developmental ethology of a foraging people. EnBlurton JonesN. (ed) Ethological studies of child behaviour.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972, 285–304.
37.
LiebermanJ.N.Playfulness: Its relationship to imagination and creativityNueva York y Londres: Academic Press, 1977.
38.
LovingerS.Sociodramatic play and language development in preschool disadvantaged children.Psychology in the Schools.1974, 11, 313–320.
39.
ManningK.SharpA.Structuring play in the early years at school.Londres: Ward Lock Educational.1977.
40.
ManningM.HeronJ.MarshallT.Styles of hostility and social interactions at nursery, at school, and at home: An extended study of children. EnHersovL.A.BergerM.ShafferD. (eds) Agression and antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence.Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1978, 29–58.
41.
MarbachE.S.YawkeyT.D.The effect of imaginative play actions on language development in five year old children.Psychology in the Schools.1980. 17, 257–263.
42.
M arshallH.HahnS.Experimental modifications of dramatic play.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.1967. 5. 119–122.
43.
MontesF.RisleyT.R.Evaluating traditional day care practices: An empirical approach.Child Care Quarterly.1975, 4, 208–215.
44.
NeillS.R. St. J.DenhamE.SchafferH.R.MarkusT.A.Psychological influences of spatial design factors in nurseries. Informe al Departamento de Educación Escocés, 1977.
45.
PiagetJ.Play, dreams and imitation in childhood.Londres: Heinemann, 1951.
46.
QuilitchH.R.RisleyT.R.The effects of play materials on social play.Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis.1973, 6, 573–578.
47.
RosenC.The effects of sociodramatic play on problem solving behavior among culturally disadvantaged preschool children.Child Development.1974, 45, 920–927.
48.
SaltzE.DixonD.JohnsonJ.Training disadvantaged preschoolers on various fantasy activities: Effects on cognitive functioning and impulse control.Child Development.1977, 48, 367–380
49.
SaltzE.JohnsonJ.Training for thematic fantasy play in culturally disadvantaged children: Premilinary results.Journal of Educational Psychology.1974, 66, 623–630.
50.
ShwartzmanH.B.The anthropological study of children's play.Annual Review of Anthropology, 1976, 5, 289–328.
51.
SchwartzmanH.B.Transformations: The anthropology of children's play.Nueva York: Plenum Press, 1978.
52.
SingerJ. (ed). The child's world of make believe.Nueva York y Londres: Academic Press, 1973.
53.
SmilanskyS.The effects of sociodramatic play on disadvantaged preschool children.Nueva York: Wiley, 1968.
54.
SmithE.O. (ed). Social play in primates.Nueva York: Academic Press, 1978.
55.
SmithP.K.Temporal clusters and individual differences in the behaviour of preschool children. EnMichaelR.P.CrookJ.H. (eds), Comparative ecology and behaviour of primates. Londres y Nueva York: Academic Press, 1973, 751–798.
56.
SmithP.K.Social and fantasy play in young children. EnTizardB.HarveyD. (eds). Biology of play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemann, 1977, 123–145.
57.
SmithP.K.Does play matter? Functional and evolutionary aspects of animal and human play.Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1981, 4, en prensa.
58.
SmithP.K.ConnollyK.Patterns of play and social interaction in preschool children. EnBlurton JonesN. (ed) Ethological studies of child behaviour. Cambridge University Press, 1972, 65–95.
59.
SmithP.K.ConnollyK.J.The ecology of preschool behaviour.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
60.
SmithP.K.DalgleishM.HerzmarkG.A comparison of the effects of fantasy play tutoring and skills tutoring in nursery classes.International Journal of Behavioral Development, en prensa.
61.
SmithP.K.DodsworthC.Social class differences in the fantasy play of preschool children.Journal of Genetic Psychology.1978, 133, 183–190.
62.
SmithP.K.DuttonS.Play and training in direct and innovative problem solving.Child Development, 1979, 50, 830–836.
63.
SmithP.K.HaganT.Effects of deprivation on exercise play in nursery school children.Animal Behaviour, 1980, 28, 922–928.
64.
SmithP.K.SyddallS.Play and nonplay tutoring in preschool children: is it play or tutoring which matters?British Journal of Educational Psychology, 1978, 48, 315–325.
65.
SpencerH.H.The principles of psychology. Vol. 2.Nueva York: Appleton, 1878.
66.
Sutton-SmithB.Piaget on play: A critique.Psychological Review.1966, 73, 104–110.
67.
SylvaK.Play and learning. EnTizardB.HarveyD. (eds) Biology of play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemann, 1977, 59–73.
68.
SylvaK.BrunerJ.S.GenovaP.The role of play in the problem solving of children 3–5 years old. EnBrunerJ.S.JollyA.and sylvaK (eds) Play: Its role in development and evolution.Londres: Harmondsworth, 1976, 244–257.
69.
SylvaK.RoyC.PainterM.Child watching at playgroup and nursery school.Londres: Grant Mclntyre, 1980.
70.
SymonsD.Play and aggression: A study of rhesus monkeys.Nueva York: Columbia University press, 1978.
71.
ThompsonG.G.The social and emotional development of preschool children under two types of educational program.Psychological Monographs, 1944, 56, no.5.
72.
TizardB.Play: The child's way of learning? EnTizardBHarveyD. (eds) Biology of play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemann, 1977, 199–208.
73.
TizardB.HarveyD. (eds). Biology of play.Londres: S.I.M.P./Heinemman, 1977.
74.
TizardB.PhilpsJ.PlewisI.Play in preschool centres I. Play measures and their relation to age, sex and I.Q. II. Effects on play of de child's social class and of the educational orientation of the centre.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1976, 17, 251–264; 265–274.
75.
TwardoszS.CataldoM.F.RisleyT.R.Open environment design for infant and toddler day care.Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1974, 7, 529–546.
76.
TylerS.FoyH.HuttC.Attention and activity in the young child.British Journal of Educational Psychology, 1979, 49, 194–197.
77.
UdwinO.ShmuklerD.The influence of sociocultural, economic and home background factors on children's ability to engage in imaginative play.Developmental Psychology, 1981, 17, 66–72.
78.
VandenbergG.Play and development from an ethological perspective.American Psychologist, 1978, 33, 724–738.
79.
VandenbergB.Environmental and cognitive factors in social play.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1981, 31, 169–175.
80.
VygotskyL.S.Play and its role in the mental development of the child.Voprosy Psikhologii, 1966, 12, 62–76.
81.
WeislerA.MccallR.B.Exploration and play.American Psychologist, 1976, 31, 492–508.
82.
WoodD.McmahonI.CranstounY.Working with under fives.Londres: Grant Mclntyre, 1980.
83.
WoddDMiddletonD.A study of assisted problem solving.British Journal of Psychology, 1975, 66, 181–191.
84.
YawkeyT.D.Sociodramatic play effects on mathematical teaming and adult rating of playfulness in five year olds.Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1981, en prensa.
