Psychiatry is variously portrayed in Australian and New Zealand fiction. This paper describes mental health professionals, settings, conditions, treatments, and social themes essayed in 128 works by 103 authors, published between 1957 and 1992. The predominant images are negative or markedly ambivalent: possible reasons for this are discussed. The perception of psychiatry by the culture in which it is formed and located, as mediated by its creative artists, has important implications for psychiatrist's understanding and explication of their social role, and has an impact on patient's expectations and experiences of psychiatry.
DevesonA.Tell me I'm here. Ringwood, Vic.: Penguin, 1991.
35.
DowdingW.Swansong. In: WyattG, ed. Singularities: stories from the 1989 Canberra Science Fiction Society Short Story Competition. Canberra, ACT: Canberra Science Fiction Society, 1989:38–40.
36.
DowlingB.Marlene. Overland1983; 91:14–18.
37.
DowlingT.The quiet redemption of Andy the House. In: PascoeB, ed. Australian Short Stories No. 26. Apollo Bay, Vic.: Pascoe, 1989:78–96.
38.
DrummondR.The night they admitted me to a psychiatric ward. Overland1982; 87:50.
39.
EvansP.Making it. Auckland, NZ: Sceptre (Hodder and Stoughton), 1989.
40.
FalknerH.Hanging up the phone. Southerly1989; 1:17–22.
41.
FalknerH.Here and now. In: Falkner H. Up all night. Sydney, NSW: Collins Australia, 1989:67–73.
42.
FitzpatrickC.Paranoia. In: FitzpatrickCWollongong poems. Sydney, NSW: Hale and Iremonger, 1984:58–59.
43.
FosterDMLyallDK.The empathy experiment. Sydney NSW: Wild and Woolley, 1977.
44.
FrameJ.An angel at my table: Autobiography 2. London, UK: Women's Press, 1984.
45.
FrameJ.Faces in the water. Christchurch, NZ: Pegasus, 1961.
46.
FrameJ.Scented gardens for the blind. Christchurch, NZ: Pegasus, 1963.
KingP.Going back. Literature in North Queensland1987; 15:54–57.
71.
KocanP.Armistice. In: KocanPMaloufDMeadPSantAScharenPScottM. Poems. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1980:1–31.
72.
KocanP.Morisset Sunday. Westerly1974; 4:34.
73.
KocanP.The other side of the fence. Brisbane, Qld: University of Queensland Press, 1975.
74.
KocanP.The treatment and the cure. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1984 [first published as separate volumes, “The treatment” and “The cure”, 1980 and 1983].
MorrisonS.The elephant stone. In: Morrison S. I am a boat: stories. Melbourne. Vic.: McPhee Gribble, 1989.
89.
NeumannD.Rockabye baby. Overland1986; 102:64.
90.
NeumannD.Studies on hysteria (Freud/Breuer). Quadrant1985; Sept.:49.
91.
NowraL.Cost. Paddington, NSW: Currency, 1992.
92.
O'MeallyW.The man they couldn't break. East Melbourne. Vic.: Unicorn, 1980.
93.
PearsonKF.6 portraits, including a potato eater: woman in an asylum. In: ClarkRKrollJ, eds. Friendly Street poetry reader. Adelaide, SA: Friendly Street Poets, 1984:100.
94.
PercivalL.The end of the line. In: MaharAPowersJ. Prose writing for Australians: an anthology of feature articles and short stories. Melbourne, Vic.: Thomas Nelson, 1985:92–95.
95.
PerkinsE.Decree nisi. Literature in North Queensland1972; 2:27–34.
96.
PlaceF.Cardboard. Sydney, NSW: Local Consumption, 1989.
97.
PridmoreS.The case of Joshua Kirk: an episode of schizophrenia. South Yarra, Vic.: Schizophrenia Fellowship of Australia, 1984.
98.
PridmoreS.What about Bill Gates?Hawthorn, Vic.: Hudson1989.
99.
ReadG.A candle in the wind. London: Mills and Boon, 1982.
100.
McBethMDIn: Poems from the Rochester castle. New Brunswick, Vic.: Peter Tiernan, 1989:36.
101.
RobinI.Freud's backyard. Overland1986; 102:65.
102.
RoweP.On our ward. In: RoweP. Unacceptable behaviour. North Sydney, NSW: Allen and Unwin, 1992:95–99.
103.
RowlandsG.The daffodils. In: GalsworthyPButtroseL, eds. Friendly Street poetry reader, No. 3. Adelaide, SA: Adelaide University Union Press, 1979:92.
104.
RyanJ.Therapy/apostasy. In: MackenzieP, ed. The poetry of Canberra. Cook, ACT: Polonius, 1990:61.
105.
SachikoY.Dream IX (Yume IX). Morton L, trans. In: JurgensenM, ed. Outrider 90: year of Australian literature. Brisbane, Qld: Phoenix, 1990:143.
106.
ScottJA.St Clair: Three narratives. Brisbane, Qld: University of Queensland Press, 1984.
SnellenO.The bride of Christ. “Fictions”, ABC radio, 25th October 1992.
110.
SnowS.The human condition. Westerly1989; 3:68–70.
111.
SoothillR.My friend Freud. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1984.
112.
StivensD.The strange business at Bombay and Madras. Southerly1979; 1:47–57.
113.
StokoeW.My kinky sex life. Hatbox1991; 3:59–64.
114.
StraussJ.Ignaz Semmelweis, author of The Etiology, The Concept and the Prophylaxis of Childbear Fever, enters the Vienna insane asylum. In: StraussJ. Labour ward. Melbourne, Vic.: Pariah, 1988:11–12.
115.
StuartD.Case history. Westerly1961; 1:26–30.
116.
SykesR.Nite-and-day lounge. Hecate1989; XV:33–41.
117.
TaylorR.Hip. Australian Letters1968; 8:22–24.
118.
ThompsonJ.Deep surfaces. Southerly1957; 1:34.
119.
TranterJ.Notes from Bedlam (Section 6, Parallax). Poetry Australia1970; 34:43–48.
120.
TranterJ.The floor of heaven. Sydney, NSW: Collins Angus and Robertson, 1992.
121.
VickeryR.One of those special nights in the cells. Literature in North Queensland1987; 15:43–48.
122.
WakelingL.Note my new address. In: PageG, ed. Refractions: poems by Youngstreet poets. Sydney, NSW: Wentworth, 1983:30–31.
123.
WallaceN.Being admitted. Westerly1978; 2:25–26.
124.
WebbF.Electric. In: WebbF. Collected poems. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1980:165–172. [Paperback edition, with preface by Sir Herbert Read. This poem first published in “Socrates and other poems”. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1961.].
125.
WebbF.Ward Two: I: Pneumoencephalograph. In: WebbF. The ghost of the cock: poems. Sydney, NSW: Angus and Robertson, 1964:45–46.
126.
WestC.Grandmother. In: GuessJMcSkimmingD. Friendly Street poetry reader No. 12. Adelaide, SA: Friendly Street Poets, 1988:87–89.
127.
WestM.Daughter of silence. London: Heinemann, 1961.
128.
WestM.The world is made of glass. Kent, UK: Hodder and Stoughton, 1983.
129.
HillD.The qualities of a good psychiatrist. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1978, 133:97–105.
130.
LangsleyDGHollenderMH.The definition of a psychiatrist. American Journal of Psychiatry1982, 139:81–85.
131.
LangsleyDGYagerJ.The definition of a psychiatrist: eight years later. American Journal of Psychiatry1988, 145:469–475.
132.
van AlphenP.Psychiatrists and mental health in philately. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica1988; 77: 225–227.
133.
WalterG.The psychiatrist in American cartoons. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica1992; 85: 167–172.
134.
SchneiderI.The theory and practice of movie psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry1987; 144:996–1002.
135.
GabbardKGabbardGO.Psychiatry and the cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
136.
PowellC.The poet and schizophrenia. In: HeseltineH, ed. Francis Webb: poet and patient. (Department of English, Occasional Paper No. 1). Canberra, ACT: University of New South Wales, Faculty of Military Studies, 1983:25–38.
137.
PowellC.Robert Lowell: the search for the father in madness and poetry. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry1991; 25:375–382.
138.
BraganK.Janet Frame. New Zealand Medical Journal1987; 100:70–73.
139.
ElliottC.Literature and psychiatry. Current Opinion in Psychiatry1991; 4:753–757.
140.
PellegrinoE.Introduction: to look feelingly — the affinities of medicine and literature. In: PeschelER, ed. Medicine and literature. New York: Neale Watson, 1980:xv–xix.
141.
DudleyM.Vox populi? The image of psychiatry in Australian literature. In: HeseltineH, ed. Left, right, or centre? Psychiatry and the status quo. (Department of English, Occasional Paper No. 19). Canberra, ACT: University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, October 1990:1–26.
142.
FisherH.A dream worth sharing. Richmond, Surrey: Mills and Boon, 1990.
143.
FultonE.Delicate harmony. Richmond, Surrey: Mills and Boon, 1990.
144.
GreyA.Tansy's children. Richmond, Surrey: Mills and Boon, 1991.
145.
SinclairF.Doctor alone. Richmond, Surrey: Mills and Boon, 1990.
146.
DanielH.The good reading guide. Melbourne, Vic.: McPhee Gribble, 1989.
147.
ConnellRWIrvingT.Class structure in Australian history. 2nd editionSydney, NSW: Longman Cheshire, 1990.
148.
WalterG.The stereotype of the mad psychiatrist. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry1989; 23:547–554.
149.
LewisM.Managing madness: psychiatry in Australia 1788–1980. Canberra, ACT: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1988.
150.
AndrewsGHickieC.Brief report: the people seen by Sydney psychiatrists. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry1988; 20:492–495.
151.
GoveWR.Gender differences in mental and physical illness: the effects of fixed roles and nurturant roles. Social Science and Medicine1984; 19:77–91.
152.
HafnerJ.Marriage and mental illness. New York: Guilford, 1986.
153.
ChodorowN.The reproduction of mothering: psychoanalysis and the sociology of gender. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1978.
154.
GilliganC.In a different voice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982.
155.
Brodie Scott [editor, Harlequin Mills and Boon, Sydney]. Personal communication, 20th September 1993.
156.
SiloveD.Biologism in psychiatry. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry1990; 24:461–463.
157.
BrodyEB.The new biological determinism in socio-cultural context. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry1990; 24:464–469.
158.
CharltonB.Editorial: a critique of biological psychiatry. Psychological Medicine1990; 20:3–6.
159.
PamA.A critique of the scientific status of biological psychiatry. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica1990; 82(suppl 362): 1–33.
