Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the response of middle ear tissue to establish the lowest dose of lipopolysaccharide to induce mucin production in a rat otitis media model.

METHODS: Twenty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats' eustachian tubes were obstructed before transtympanic inoculation of the bulla tympanica with 35 μL of Krebs Ringer or 1, 10, 100, or 1000 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide. After 7 days the effusion and a lavage were collected for mucin ELISA measurement, and tissue was collected for histologic evaluation.

RESULTS: Mucin secretion was significantly increased in the 100 μg/mL 51.20 ± 13.6 μg/mL (SE) and 1000 μg/mL 69.42 ± 8.57 μg/mL groups when compared with the Krebs Ringer control group 1.84 ± 0.28 μg/mL (P < 0.05). Histologic evaluation shows goblet cell metaplasia and hyperplasia in the middle ear epithelium in the 1000 and 100 μg/mL groups.

CONCLUSIONS: The histology and ELISA results suggest that a middle ear effusion is generated with a dose of lipopolysaccharide as low as 100 μg/mL.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Gravel

Wallace

Ruben

. Auditory consequences of early mild hearing loss associated with otitis media. Acta Otolaryngol 1996;116:219–21.

Gates

. Acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion. In: Cummings

Harker

, editors. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. St Louis: Mosby; 1993;2802–22.

DeMaria

. Endotoxin and otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988;97(Suppl 132):31–3.

Albiin

Hellstrom

Stenfors

L-E

et al. Middle ear mucosa in rats and humans. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1986;95(Suppl 126): 1–15.

Ball

Prazma

Dais

CGD

et al. Role of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in endotoxin induced middle ear effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997;106:633–9.

Ball

Prazma

Dais

et al. Nitric oxide: A mediator of endotoxin-induced middle ear effusions. Laryngoscope 1996;106:1021–7.

Bernstein

Praino

Neter

. Detection of endotoxin in ear specimens from patients with chronic otitis media by means of the Limulus amebocyte lysate test. Can J Microbiol 1980;26:546–8.

DeMaria

Prior

Briggs

et al. Endotoxin in middle-ear effusions from patients with chronic otitis media with effusion. J Clin Microbiol 1984;20:15–7.

Nonomura

Nakano

Satoh

et al. Otitis media with effusion following inoculation of Haemophilus influenzae type b endotoxin. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1986;243:31–5.

10.

Ohashi

Nakai

Ikeoka

et al. Functional disorder of eustachian tube in experimental otitis media with effusion following inoculation of bacterial endotoxin. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988;97:422–6.

11.

Ohashi

Nakai

Furuya

et al. Mucociliary disease of the middle ear during experimental otitis media with effusion induced by bacterial endotoxin. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989;98:479–84.

12.

Ohashi

Nakai

Esaki

et al. Experimental otitis media with effusion induced by lipopolysaccharide from Klebsiella pneumoniae: Mucociliary pathology of the eustachian tube. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) Suppl 1991;486:105–15.

13.

Bernstein

Tsutsumi

Ogra

. The middle ear mucosal immune system in otitis media with effusion. Am J Otolaryngol 1985;6:162–8.

14.

Bernstein

. Middle ear mucosa: Histological, histochemical, immunochemical and immunologic aspects. In: Jahn

Santos-Sacchi

, editors. Physiology of the ear. New York: Raven Press; 1988. p. 59–80.

15.

Majima

Hamaguchi

Hirata

et al. Hearing impairment in relation to viscoelasticity of middle ear effusions in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988;97:272–4.

16.

Caye-Thomason

Hermansson

Tos

et al. Changes in goblet cell density in rat middle ear mucosa in acute otitis media. Am J Otol 1995;16:75–82.

17.

Carrie

Hutton

Birchall

et al. Otitis media with effusion: Components which contribute to the viscous properties. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1992;112:504–11.

18.

Steiger

Hotchkiss

Bajaj

et al. Concurrent increases in the storage and release of mucin like molecules by rat airway epithelial cells in response to bacterial endotoxin. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1995;12:307–14.

19.

Harkema

Hotchkiss

. In vivo effects of endotoxin on intraepithelial mucosubstances in rat pulmonary airway. Am J Pathol 1992;141:307–17.

Mucin Production in the Middle Ear in Response to Lipopolysaccharides

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References