Abstract

Introduction: The friction generated during orthodontic treatment seems of concern in terms of anchorage and treatment duration. Different ligation methods have been developed to reduce the friction as compared with regular elastic modules. This study aimed to evaluate and to compare static and kinetic friction generated in ceramic brackets with metal slot and epoxy resin-coated stainless steel esthetic wire by using different ligation materials in wet condition (artificial saliva).

Materials and Methods: A total of 40 epoxy-coated stainless steel wires and metal slot ceramic brackets were divided into 4 groups of 10 each and ligated using 4 different methods as follows: (1) super slick elastic modules, (2) slide elastic modules, (3) Teflon-coated esthetic stainless steel wire, and (4) regular elastic modules. They were then immersed in artificial saliva for 1 hour before testing their static and kinetic friction using a universal testing machine.

Results: The intergroup comparison showed statistically significant differences for static and kinetic friction among all the 4 groups, where group 2 (slide modules) showed the least static as well as kinetic friction as compared with the other 3 groups.

Conclusions: (1) Slide modules produced the least amount of friction compared with all other methods of ligation when epoxy resin-coated stainless steel archwire was used in ceramic bracket with 0.22˝ metal slot in wet condition. (2) Super slick modules produced the least friction in comparison with regular elastomeric and Teflon-coated ligature groups but produced greater friction than slide modules. (3) Teflon-coated stainless steel ligature produced the highest friction; however, it was not statistically significant when compared with the conventional elastic ligature. (4) In all clinical situations during the retraction stage, a large amount of friction is created in the buccal segment; hence, it is advisable to use slide modules in the buccal segment to reduce static and kinetic friction.

Search results

Comparison of Friction in Sliding Mechanics Using Different Ligation Methods on Ceramic Bracket with Metal Slot and Epoxy Resin-Coated Stainless Steel Esthetic Wire: An in Vitro Study

Search results

Comparison of Friction in Sliding Mechanics Using Different Ligation Methods on Ceramic Bracket with Metal Slot and Epoxy Resin-Coated Stainless Steel Esthetic Wire: An in Vitro Study