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Research article

First published 2017-8

Racial Threat,Intergroup Contact,and School Punishment

Cresean Hughes, Patricia Y. Warren, Eric A. Stewart [...]

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Research article

First published 2007-02

Reassessing the Racial Divide in Support for Capital Punishment

James D. Unnever, Francis T. Cullen

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Research article

First published 2018-10

Can Legislatures Redress Racial Discrimination in Capital Punishment? Evaluating Racial Justice Acts in Response to McCleskey

Ellen A Donnelly

The Journal of Criminal Law

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Research article

First published 2025

Spatial-Racial Disparities in California's Capital Punishment: Examining the Influence of Geography and Race on Death Sentencing from 1987 to 2019

Nick Petersen

Race and Justice

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Research article

First published 2021-2

School Punishment and Education: Racial/Ethnic Disparities With Grade Retention and the Role of Urbanicity

Anthony A. Peguero, Kay S. Varela, Miner P. “Trey” Marchbanks [...]

Urban Education

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Research article

First published 2026

Collective Memory and Racialized Punishment in Schools Named After Confederate Figures

Marin R. Wenger, Brendan Lantz

Race and Justice

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Research article

First published 2017-10

Digitize and punish: Computerized crime mapping and racialized carceral power in Chicago

Brian Jordan Jefferson

Environment and Planning D: Society and Space

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Research article

First published 2008-05

The Impact of Racial Slurs and Racism on the Perceptions and Punishment of Violent Crime

Donald A. Saucier, Jericho M. Hockett, Andrew S. Wallenberg

Journal of Interpersonal Violence

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Research article

First published 2008-01

The Racialization of Crime and Punishment

Rose M. Brewer, Nancy A. Heitzeg

American Behavioral Scientist

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Research article

First published 2012-4

Exclusionary School Punishment

Kelly Welch, Allison Ann Payne

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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