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Nanocellulose (NC) is revolutionizing the world of biopolymers. This research investigated the use of NC as an additive in polymer composites to enhance their structural and physio-chemical properties. The NC was extracted from Borassus flabellifer leaves and modified with lactic acid (LA). The leaves consisted of 62.2% cellulose, 15.8% hemicellulose, and 12.2% lignin by weight %. Alkali treatment was applied to obtain NCs with an average particle size of 317 nm. Characterization techniques, including SEM, FTIR, and XRD, are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of surface modification. The successful surface modification of NC with LA was confirmed by the presence of LA functional groups. XRD analysis revealed the crystalline nature of both the NCs and surface-modified NCs (SMNCs), with a higher crystalline index for the SMNCs (48.27%) than for the NCs (42.78%). The lower water absorption potential of SMNCs suggests their potential for use in biopolymer composites, demonstrating promising applications in materials science.

Graphical Abstract

26:T71c,