s led to a sepa ration of the different facets of the target phenomena and has not proved useful in studying developmental processes. Co-constructionist methods involve the re-interpretation of existing methods, for example, interview and it is sug gested that these methods are akin to the hermeneutic process of knowledge construction whereby the emergence of relevant and novel psychological phe nomena is possible. The microgenetic research strategies that are used help to retain the individual sequence of the phenomena in the constructed data. The co-constructionist methodological approach is used to study cooperative and competitive behaviours in pre-school children. This process involves a uni fication of inductive and deductive inferences and a re-conceptualisation of the phenomena in terms of goal orientation convergence and divergence. An analysis of interactions between children and the adult experimenter is provided.

27:T456,

Defining socialisation as the process of cultural communication whereby cul tural symbols interface with psychological experience, it is postulated that de velopmental psychology is a "cultural psychology". A semiotic view of social and human development is presented. This view of socialisation is different from the traditional theories of socialisation in that it emphasises that knowing and feeling, personal and cultural meaning are experientially and psycho logically fused in the person, early in life. Using a culture-centred view of human development the concepts of culture and socialisation are re-examined. Focusing on three variables for socialisation processes: the person, the social system, and culture, the paper focuses on microcommunicative processes by which cultural meanings are transformed into personal meanings. Using ex amples from Oriya Brahmin households, the general microcommunicative technique of instantiation is showcased and some of the specific techniques (such as narrative, dramatisation, and arguments) are illustrated.

28:T49b,

"Core disgust" is a food related emotion that is rooted in evolution but is also a cultural product. Seven categories of disgust elicitors have been observed in an American sample. These include food, animals, body products, sexual de viance, body-envelope violations, poor hygiene, and contact with death. In addition, social concerns such as interpersonal contamination and socio- moral violations are also associated with disgust. Cross-cultural analyses of disgust and its elicitors using Israeli, Japanese, Greek and Hopi notions of disgust were undertaken. It was noted that disgust elicitors have expanded from food to the social order and have been found in many cultures. Expla nations for this expansion are provided in terms of embodied schemata, which refer to imaginative structures or patterns of experience that are based on bodily knowledge or sensation. A mechanism is suggested whereby disgust elicitors are viewed as a prototypically defined category involving many of the embodied schemata of disgust. It is argued that each culture draws upon these schemata and its social and moral life is based on them.

29:T577,