In this paper I look at some major domestic markets for natural gas in developing countries and the conditions that must be met for a gas project to be realized. The residential and commercial sectors are not favorable unless a demand exists for space heating in the winter and this will apply to relatively few cities in the third world. The prime candidates are electric power stations, where gas is most suitable for combined cycle (in shoulder or base loads) or steam turbines (for base loads). A wider role for gas in electricity generation depends upon a shift away from hydropower or coal.
AlbouyY.MashayekhiA.. (1984). “Value of Natural Gas in World Power Generation,” Energy Department Paper No. 19. Washington: World Bank. November.
2.
Cedigaz (1987). Natural Gas in the World in 1986. Centre International d’Information sur le Gas Naturel et Tous Hydrocarbares Gazeux (June).
3.
DavisJ.D. (1984). Blue Gold: The Political Economy of Natural Gas. World Industry Series 3. London: George Allen and Unwin.
4.
deLucia and Associates (1985). “Pre-Investment Analysis of Small Uses of Natural Gas in Bangladesh.” Report prepared for the Energy Department, The World Bank, Washington, DC (October).
5.
FAO (1985). Current World Fertilizer Situation and Outlook. Rome.
6.
HarrisG. (1986). “Gas Use as a Feedstock for Fertilizer Production.” Mimeo, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
7.
HeathR.MulckhuyseJ.VenkataramanS. (1985). “The Potential for Energy Efficiency in the Fertiliser Industry.” World Bank Technical Paper No. 35. Washington: World Bank.
8.
HurstC. (1988a). “The Pricing of Natural Gas in Developing Countries: Some Theoretical and Practical Issues.” OPEC Review (September).
9.
HurstC. (1988b). “Financing Gas Projects in Developing Countries.” in WaldeT. (ed.), Petroleum Investment Policies in the Developing Countries. London: Graham and Trotman.
10.
HurstC. (1988c). “Contractual Arrangements for the Exploitation of Natural Gas in Developing Countries.” Resources Policy (September).
11.
HurstC. (1989). “Transnational Oil Companies and Natural Gas in Developing Countries: The Implications of the Fiscal Regime.” Energy Policy (August).
12.
IEA (1984). Energy Balances of Developing Countries, 1971-82. Paris: International Energy Agency.
13.
ILO (1985). “The Social and Economic Effects of Petroleum Development Programmes in Non-OPEC Developing Countries: Synthesis Report.” Geneva: International Labor Organization.
14.
JuliusD. (1985). “Natural Gas Utilisation Studies: Methodology and Application.” Energy Department Paper No. 24. Washington: World Bank. September.
15.
MashayekhiA.ConsultantsSofregaz (1985). “The Economic Value of Natural Gas in Residential and Commercial Markets.” Energy Department Paper No. 22. Washington: World Bank. March.
16.
MashayekhiA. (1983). “Marginal Cost of Natural Gas in Developing Countries: Concepts and Applications.” Energy Department Paper No. 10. Washington: World Bank. August.
17.
OIES (1987). “Gas in Developing Countries: Volume Three, Background Papers.” Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.
18.
SheidrickW.F. (1985). “The Economics and Outlook for Fertiliser Production.” Mimeo. Washington: World Bank. September.
19.
TaborsR.D.FlaggD.P. (1986). “Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycle Generators: Dominant Solutions in Capacity Planning.” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. PWRS-1(2): pp. 122-127. May.
20.
UNCTC (1987). “Natural Gas Clauses in Petroleum Agreements.” New York: United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations.
21.
WebbM.G.PintoN.M. (1984). “Power System Economics: The Value of Natural Gas in Electricity Generation.” Energy Economics. 6(4): pp. 245-254. October.
22.
World Bank (1987). World Development Report. Washington.
23.
World Bank (1985). “Managing Gas Industry Development.” Energy Department Paper No. 29. Washington: World Bank. August.