The aim of the multidisciplinary team committed to the care of vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis is to prolong as much as possible the functional patency of the access. Stenosis is definitely the most frequent complication of arteriovenous VA. Whereas the best surveillance strategy is still a matter of debate, some evidence is now available about treatment indication and options. The available body of evidence on the best strategy facing this complication of VA is reviewed.
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