Prostaglandin-Timolol Fixed Combinations Efficacy: Myth or Reality?

Konstas A.G.P. , Mikropoulos D. , Stewart W.C. Fixed combination therapy in glaucoma. In: Shaarawy T. , Hitchings R. , Sherwood M. , Crowston J. , eds. Glaucoma. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2009; 565–75.

Olthoff C.M. , Schouten JSAG , Vandeborne B. , Webers C. Noncompliance with ocular hypotensive treatment in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Ophthalmology 2005; 112: 953–61.

Bangalore S. , Kamalakkannan G. , Parkar S. , Messerli F.H. Fixed-dose combinations improve medication compliance: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2007; 120: 713–9.

Konstas A.G.P. , Boboridis K. , Stewart W.C. 24-hour intraocular pressure short-term control with the latanoprost/timolol maleate fixed combination versus latanoprost, both dosed once each evening, in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Arch Ophthalmol 2005; 123: 898–902.

Konstas A.G.P. , Mikropoulos D. , Haidich A.B. , Ntampos K.S. , Stewart W.C. Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure control with the travoprost/timolol maleate fixed combination compared with travoprost when both are dosed in the evening in primary open-angle glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93: 481–5.

Konstas A.G.P. , Hollo G. , Mikropoulos D.G. Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure control with bimatoprost and the bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination administered in the morning, or evening in exfoliative glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94: 209–13.

Pearson K. Report on certain enteric fever inoculation statistics. BMJ 1904; 3: 1243–6.

Glass G.V. Primary, secondary and meta-analysis of research. Educ Res 1976; 5: 3–8.

Hennekens C.H. , DeMets D.L. , Bairey Merz C.N. , Borzak S.L. , Borer J.S. Doing more good than harm: the need for a cease fire. Am J Med 2009; 122: 315–6.

Naylor C.D. Meta-analysis and the meta-epidemiology of clinical research. BMJ 1997; 315: 617–9.

Bailar J.C. III . The promise and problems of meta-analysis [editorial]. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 559–61.

Meta-analysis under scrutiny [editorial]. Lancet 1997; 350: 675.

French S.D. , McDonald S. , McKenzie J.E. , Green S.E. Investing in updating: how do conclusions change when Cochrane systematic reviews are updated? BMC Med Res Methodol 2005; 5: 33.

Moher D. , Tsertsvadze A. , Tricco A.C. When and how to update systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; MR000023.

Tasina E. , Haidich A.B. , Kokkali S. , Arvanitidou M. Efficacy and safety of tigecycline for the treatment of infectious diseases: a meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; Jul: 22.

Ioannidis J.P.A. , Karassa F.B. The need to consider the wider agenda in systematic reviews and meta-analyses: breadth, timing, and depth of the evidence. BMJ 2010; 341: c4875.

Webers C.A.B. , Beckers H.J.M. , Zeegers M.P. , Nuijts RMMA , Hendrikse F. , Schouten JSAG . The intraocular pressure-lowering effect of prostaglandin analogs combined with topical ß-blocker therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 2067–74.

Webers C.A.B. , van der Valk R. , Schouten JSAG , Zeegers M.P. , Prins M.H. , Hendrikse F. Intraocular pressure-lowering effect of adding dorzolamide or latanoprost to timolol: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ophthalmology 2007; 114: 40–6.

van der Valk R. , Webers C.A.B. , Schouten JSAG , Zeegers M.P. , Hendrikse F. , Prins M.H. Intraocular pressure-lowering effects of all commonly used glaucoma drugs: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ophthalmology 2005; 112: 1177–85.

Lumley T. Network meta-analysis for indirect treatment comparisons. Stat Med 2002; 21: 2313–24.

van der Valk R. , Webers C.A.B. , Lumley T. , Hendrikse F. , Prins M.H. , Schouten JSAG . A network meta-analysis combined direct and indirect comparisons between glaucoma drugs to rank effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure. J Clin Epidemiol 2009; 62: 1279–83.

Baker W.L. , White M.C. , Cappelleri J.C. , Kluger J. , Coleman C.I. Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (HOPE) Collaborative Group. Understanding heterogeneity in meta-analysis: the role of meta-regression. Int J Clin Pract 2009; 63: 1426–34.

Centofanti M. , Oddone F. , Gandolfi S. Comparison of travoprost and bimatoprost plus timolol fixed combinations in open angle glaucoma patients previously treated with latanoprost plus timolol fixed combination. Am J Ophthalmol 2010; 150: 575–80.

NICE Clinical Guideline 85. Glaucoma: Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Open Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: Appendices A-G. Available at: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12145/43888/43888.pdf. Accessed September 30, 2011.

Vinuesa-Silva J.M. , Vinuesa-Silva I. , Pinazo-Dur·n M.D. , Soto-Alvarez J. , Delgado-Ortega L. , DÌaz-Cerezo S. Development of conjunctival hyperemia with the use of a fixed combination of latanoprost/timolol: systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2009; 84: 199–207.

Cox J.A. , Mollan S.P. , Bankart J. , Robinson R. Efficacy of antiglaucoma fixed combination therapy versus unfixed components in reducing intraocular pressure: a systematic review. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92: 729–34.

Stewart W.C. , Konstas A.G.P. , Nelson L.A. , Kruft B. Meta-analysis of 24-hour intraocular pressure studies evaluating the efficacy of glaucoma medicines. Ophthalmology 2008; 115: 1117–22.

Pfeiffer N. A comparison of the fixed combination of latanoprost and timolol with its individual components. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2002; 240: 893–9.

Higginbotham E.J. , Feldman R. , Stiles M. , Dubiner H. Latanoprost and timolol combination therapy vs monotherapy: one-year randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120: 915–22.

Alm A. , Stjernschantz J. the Scandinavian Latanoprost Study Group. Effects on intraocular pressure and side effects of 0.005% latanoprost applied once daily, evening or morning: a comparison with timolol. Ophthalmology 1995; 102: 1743–52.