To explore differential gene expression between autologous eutopic and
ectopic endometrium and the effect of phases, infertility, and severity of
disease on this.
Methods
cDNA arrays followed by post hoc analysis for 1190 selected human genes were
performed to analyze transcript expression in autologous eutopic and ectopic
endometrial samples obtained from 6 proven fertile and 4 subfertile
volunteers with endometriosis (stage 3: n=5; stage 4: n=5) during either the
proliferative (n=7) or secretory (n=3) phase.
Results
cDNA-based expression array analysis appeared sensitive, precise, and
reliable in unsupervised analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. Sample clustering
analysis revealed maximal cluster coefficient (C=0.8) between eutopic and
ectopic clusters for all pairs, followed by that yielded by phases of cycle
(C=0.6); fertility history (C=0.3), and stages of severity (C=0.3) had
marginal effects. Of 42 genes showing differential regulation in pooled
analysis, 3 genes (CAGA, MT2A, and VIM) were up-regulated and 39 genes
including EPHA2, FOXM1, HPSE, ITGA5, ITGAE, ITGB3, PAEP, and TGFBR1 were
down-regulated in ectopic endometrium. The high transcript number of AFP,
ALOX15, F2RL1, and PRKCG in proliferative phase eutopic endometrium appears
to be a potential biomarker for endometriosis.
Conclusions
Differential expression of specific genes appeared as distinguishing features
for ectopic endometrium compared with eutopic endometrium; many of them
might be associated with poor cellular integrity of endometriotic cells.
However, ectopic endometrium did not show overt molecular indication of
tumorigenic potential.
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