Date Presented 04/03/2025
We introduced and compared videoconferencing with telepresence robots to 3D models generated from 360-degree images for conducting remote home assessments. This understanding will help OTs choose the appropriate technology for clinical practice.
Primary Author and Speaker: Jaewon Kang
Contributing Authors: Mi Jung Lee, Consuelo Kreider, Sergio Romero
PURPOSE: Occupational therapists (OTs) have recently adopted video calls for home assessments but report safety risks and high dependence on clients and caregivers. Alternative technologies have been explored, yet their advantages and disadvantages have not been compared. A better understanding of these options would help OTs choose the best technology for their practice.
DESIGN: This qualitative descriptive study evaluates advanced technologies for remote home assessments with ten OTs.
METHOD: We compared synchronous videoconferencing with telepresence robots to asynchronous 3D models for home assessments of a single-family house, with five OTs using each technology. Training and assessment completion times were measured. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand user experiences, followed by a descriptive qualitative analysis.
RESULTS: On average, 3D models require less training (10 minutes vs. 40 minutes) and assessment time (17 minutes vs. 48 minutes) compared to telepresence robots. Participants found 3D models easy to learn and appreciated various display options, including 360-degree views, floor plans, and zoom capabilities. In contrast, some participants using telepresence robots faced challenges with poor driving techniques and unstable connections due to the need for high-speed internet. However, telepresence robots enable for real-time communication and evaluation of clients’ functioning within their homes, which is not possible with 3D models.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that 3D models can be time-efficient and provide a lower technological barrier to entry for remote home assessments. Telepresence robots, on the other hand, can be a useful option where real-time evaluation of clients’ functioning at home is required or when additional in-person visits are not feasible.
IMPACT STATEMENT: Understanding these distinct benefits and drawbacks helps OTs select optimal technology for their needs, thereby enhancing their practice.
References
Kang, J., Kreider, C., Lee, M. J., LeBeau, K., Mburu, S., Findley, K., Myers, K. J., & Romero, S. (2023). Ots’ experiences working with caregivers during remote home assessments. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77(Supplement_2), 7711505107p1–7711505107p1. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2023.77S2-PO107
Kang, J., Lee, M. J., Kreider, C., LeBeau, K., Mburu, S., Findley, K., Myers, K., & Romero, S. (2023). The use of 360° immersive technology for conducting remote home assessments: A preliminary feasibility study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 104(3), e57–e58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2022.12.167
Lee, M. J., Poulin, E., Castañeda, G., & Romero, S. (2020). Use of telepresence robots for home safety evaluations: A feasibility study. Annals of International Occupational Therapy, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.3928/24761222-20200116-01
