Date Presented 04/20/2023
The study findings suggest that individual efforts to practice a healthy lifestyle could reduce the risk of cognitive frailty. These results can provide a scientific evidence base for policy maker support in health care policy.
Primary Author and Speaker: Jihyeun Park
Contributing Authors: Daewoo Pak, Ickpyo Hong, Ji-Hyuk Park
BACKGROUND: The cognitive frailty (CF) is referred to as the concurrent presence of both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and physical frailty. Despite growing interest in the scientific evidence agreeing that some personal lifestyle factors influenced older adults who have CF, the majority of research investigations were cross-sectional study. The study purpose was to investigate lifestyle risk factors and analyze gender-specific differences in the transition time to CF.
DESIGN: We used the 2006-2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing databases. The inclusion criteria were 65 years over and who did not have CF in first response.
METHOD: The primary endpoint of interest is the time to CF, which is defined as the operative definition criteria for MCI (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination, <23 points) and frailty (Frailty Instrument, >1 points). Demographic characteristics and lifestyle variables were considered as potential risk factors. The analysis of the data was mainly performed based on Kaplan-Meier estimation and time-dependent cox regression models.
RESULTS: A total of 7,203 participants were used for the data analysis. The conversion rate from CF-free to CF was about 43% during 14 years. The time from normal ageing to CF tended to be shorter in woman (p < 0.01). The time-varying risk factors including feeling sad (Hazard Ratio [HR] 2.65, p < 0.00), no exercise (HR 2.32, p < 0.00), no meeting with close people (HR 2.26, p < 0.00), no economic activity (HR 1.55, p < 0.00), restless sleep (HR 1.52, p < 0.00), underweight (HR 1.34, p < 0.00), falling (HR 1.32, p < 0.00) is statistically significant. In addition, the significant fixed covariates in CF infer under high school graduation, female, no income and single.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the impact of lifestyle which is associated with the time to CF using the survival analysis. This findings support that some lifestyle modification may have a significant effect on successful ageing.
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