Date Presented 04/04/19
The purpose of the study is to identify which health outcomes are predictors of self-efficacy in community-dwelling stroke survivors. Results indicated that by focusing on improving stroke-specific quality of life as well as the level of engagement in extended activities of daily living, OTs can improve the self-efficacy of stroke clients. This understanding can guide OTs to implement more meaningful and effective interventions for stroke survivors.
Primary Author and Speaker: Yan-hua Huang
Additional Authors and Speakers: Lauren Kawano, Joanne Kwak, Katherine Simon, Thao Thai
Contributing Authors: Ching-Yi Wu
PURPOSE: Growing evidence suggests that self-efficacy enhancing interventions can substantially help patients increase control and improve the management of a long-term health condition. Specifically understanding the predictors of self-efficacy as relates to community dwelling chronic stroke survivors can lead to better health outcomes for this population. The purpose of this study was to identify which health outcomes are predictors of self-efficacy in stroke clients.
DESIGN: Researchers employed a quantitative research design and used multiple regression analysis to identify which health outcomes serve as predictors of self-efficacy. Thirty-one participants were recruited from a community stroke center. Inclusion criteria included participants with a diagnosis of stroke with an onset of greater than six months prior to the start of the study.
METHOD: The instrumentation used in this study was in the form of self-report surveys and measures implemented by students and therapists. Four health outcome measures were administered to participants: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Motor Activity Log (MAL), Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale (NEADL), and Stroke Impact Scale (SIS). Three self-efficacy measures were administered: General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ), and Daily Living Self Efficacy Scale (DLSES).
ANALYSIS: Correlational analysis was performed to identify the potential health outcome predictors of self-efficacy. Then, stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify the significant predictors for the three self-efficacy measures.
RESULTS: Results indicate that the Stroke Impact Scale overall score is a predictor of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) as well as the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ). Additionally, the Nottingham Extended ADL Scale (NEADL) is a predictor of the Daily Living Self-Efficacy Scale (DLSES).
CONCLUSION: The results identify predictors of self-efficacy for stroke survivors. Impact statement: By focusing on improving stroke specific quality of life as well as the level of engagement in IADLs, occupational therapists can improve self-efficacy of stroke clients. This understanding can guide occupational therapists to implement more meaningful and effective interventions for stroke survivors.
References
Korpershoek, C., van der Bijl, J., & Hafsteinsdóttir, T. B. (2011). Self-efficacy and its influence on recovery of patients with stroke: a systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(9), 1876-1894. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05659.x.
Pang, M., Eng, J., & Miller, W. (2007). Determinants of satisfaction with community reintegration in older adults with chronic stroke: Role of balance self-efficacy. Physical Therapy, 87(3), 282-291. doi:10.2522/ptj.20060142
Pendleton, H. M., & Schultz-Krohn, W. (Eds.). (2013). Pedretti’s occupational therapy: practice skills for physical dysfunction. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier, Mosby.
Kielhofner, G. (2006). Research in occupational therapy: Methods of inquiry for enhancing practice. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company.
