To examine the effect of parental support on sedentary behaviors among Hispanic children.
Design and Setting.
A longitudinal quasi-experimental design with five waves of data collection was used to examine the effect of parental support on children's sedentary behaviors in a school-based intervention program in west Texas.
Subjects.
Hispanic low-income parents and their children of 5 to 9 years (N = 416 child-parent dyads) over a 22-month period (1217 observations).
Intervention.
Transformation Para Salud was a multicomponent intervention program aimed at prevention and control of childhood overweight and obesity. It used a community-based participatory research approach, including nutrition education, physical exercise, gardening, and family involvement.
Measures.
Sedentary behaviors were measured by parents' report of their children's daily screen time per week, including TV/DVD, computer, Internet, and video games. Parental support was measured with parents' reported support for active living.
Analysis.
Growth curve analysis was used to examine trajectories of sedentary behaviors of children.
Results.
Response rate was over 70%. Parental support reduced children's sedentary behaviors. Girls were less sedentary than boys, but girls were less affected by parental support. The intervention was effective in reducing children's sedentary behaviors over time.
Conclusion.
It is important for school intervention programs to mobilize parents to provide more support to reduce sedentary behaviors.
MendozaJAZimmermanFJChristakisDA. Television viewing, computer use, obesity, and adiposity in US preschool children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act.2007;4:44.
5.
GortmakerSLMustASobolAM. Television viewing as a cause of increasing obesity among children in the United States, 1986–1990. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.1996;150:356–362.
6.
RobinsonTN. Television viewing and childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am.2001;48:1017–1025.
7.
OppertJMThomasFCharlesMA. Leisure-time and occupational physical activity in relation to cardiovascular risk factors and eating habits in French adults. Public Health Nutr.2006;9:746–754.
8.
HancoxRJPoultonR. Watching television is associated with childhood obesity: but is it clinically important?Int J Obes.2006; 30:171–175.
9.
SteffenLMDaiSFultonJELabartheDR. Overweight in children and adolescents associated with TV viewing and parental weight: project HeartBeat!Am J Prev Med.2009;37:S50–S55.
10.
DennisonBAErbTAJenkinsPL. Television viewing and television in bedroom associated with overweight risk among low-income preschool children. Pediatrics.2002;109:1028.
11.
MarshallSJBiddleSJHGorelyT. Relationships between media use, body fatness and physical activity in children and youth: a meta-analysis. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.2004;28:1238–1246.
12.
SpringerAEKelderSHHoelscherDM. Social support, physical activity and sedentary behavior among 6th-grade girls: a cross-sectional study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act.2006;3:1–10.
Ni MhurchuCRobertsVMaddisonR. Effect of electronic time monitors on children's television watching: pilot trial of a home-based intervention. Prev Med.2009;49:413–417.
16.
SallisJFProchaskaJJTaylorWC. A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc.2000;32:963–975.
17.
HeMHarrisSPicheLBeynonC. Understanding screen-related sedentary behavior and its contributing factors among school-aged children: a social-ecologic exploration. Am J Health Promot.2009;23:299–308.
18.
TaylorWCBaranowskiTSallisJF. Family determinants of childhood physical activity: a social-cognitive model. In: DishmanRK, ed. Advances in Exercise Adherence.Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1994:319–342.
19.
Gordon-LarsenPAdairLSPopkinBM. Ethnic differences in physical activity and inactivity patterns and overweight status. Obes Res.2002;10:141–149.
20.
NormanGJSchmidBASallisJF. Psychosocial and environmental correlates of adolescent sedentary behaviors. Pediatrics.2005;116:908–916.
21.
Van Der HorstKChinAPawMJ. A brief review on correlates of physical activity and sedentariness in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc.2007;39:1241–1250.
22.
WagnerAKlein-PlatatCArveilerD. Parent-child physical activity relationships in 12-year old French students do not depend on family socioeconomic status. Diabetes Metab.2004;30:359–366.
23.
HoeferWRMcKenzieTLSallisJF. Parental provision of transportation for adolescent physical activity. Am J Prev Med.2001;21:48–51.
24.
SallisJFNaderPRBroylesSL. Correlates of physical activity at home in Mexican-American and Anglo-American preschool children. Health Psychol.1993;12:390–398.
25.
DuncanSCDuncanTEStryckerLA. Sources and types of social support in youth physical activity. Health Psychol.2005;24:3–10.
26.
DowdaMAinsworthBEAddyCL. Environmental influences, physical activity, and weight status in 8- to 16-year-olds. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.2001;155:711–717.
27.
TrostSGSallisJFPateRR. Evaluating a model of parental influence on youth physical activity. Am J Prev Med.2003;25:277–282.
28.
GadinKGHammarstromA. Can school-related factors predict future health behaviour among young adolescents?Public Health.2002; 116:22–29.
29.
FaircloughSJBoddyLMHackettAFStrattonG. Associations between children's socioeconomic status, weight status, and sex, with screen-based sedentary behaviours and sport participation. Int J Pediatr Obes.2009;4:299–305.
30.
BiddleSJHGorelyTMarshallSJCameronN. The prevalence of sedentary behavior and physical activity in leisure time: a study of Scottish adolescents using ecological momentary assessment. Prev Med.2009;48:151–155.
31.
McGuireMTHannanPJNeumark-SztainerD. Parental correlates of physical activity in a racially/ethnically diverse adolescent sample. J Adolesc Health.2002;30:253–261.
32.
AndersonCBHughesSOFuemmelerBF. Parent-child attitude congruence on type and intensity of physical activity: testing multiple mediators of sedentary behavior in older children. Health Psychol.2009;28:428–438.
33.
LindsayACSussnerKMGreaneyMLPetersonKE. Influence of social context on eating, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors of Latina mothers and their preschool-age children. Health Educ Behav.2009;36:81–96.
34.
TrevinoRPYinZHernandezAHaleDE. Impact of the Bienestar school-based diabetes mellitus prevention program on fasting capillary glucose levels: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.2004;158:911–917.
35.
Junior master gardener page. Available at: http://www.jmgkids.us/. Accessed April 7, 2010.
36.
RitchieLDWelkGStyneD. Family environment and pediatric overweight: what is a parent to do?J Am Diet Assoc.2005;105:70–79.
CuellarIArnoldBMaldonadoR. Acculturation rating scale for Mexican Americans–II: a revision of the original ARSMA scale. Hisp J Behav Sci.1995;17:275–304.
39.
BaumanS. The reliability and validity of the brief acculturation rating scale for Mexican Americans–II for children and adolescents. Hisp J Behav Sci.2005;27:426–441.
40.
StoryMSherwoodNEHimesJH. An after-school obesity prevention program for African-American girls: the Minnesota GEMS pilot study. Ethn Dis.2003;13(1suppl 1):54–64.
41.
Rabe-HeskethSSkrondaAMultilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata.2nd ed.College Station, Tex: Stata Press; 2008.
42.
SingerJDWillettJBApplied Longitudinal Data Analysis: Modeling Change and Event Occurrence.New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2003.
43.
DeMattiaLLemontLMeurerL. Do interventions to limit sedentary behaviors change behavior and reduce childhood obesity? A critical review of the literature. Obes Rev.2007;8:69–81.
44.
LindbergNMStevensVJ. Review: weight-loss interventions with Hispanic populations. Ethn Dis.2007;17:397–402.
45.
ZhanYThe Latent Growth Modeling in Evaluation of a Childhood Obesity Intervention Study.Lubbock, TX: Dept of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech University; 2010.
46.
GorelyTAtkinAJBiddleSJHMarshallSJ. Family circumstance, sedentary behaviour and physical activity in adolescents living in England: project STIL. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act.2009;6:33–40.
47.
AllenMLElliottMNMoralesLS. Adolescent participation in preventive health behaviors, physical activity, and nutrition: differences across immigrant generations for Asians and Latinos compared with Whites. Am J Public Health.2007;97:337–343.
48.
SinghGKYuSMSiahpushMKoganMD. High levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors among US immigrant children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.2008;162:756–763.
49.
YehM-CViladrichABruningNRoyeC. Determinants of Latina obesity in the United States: the role of selective acculturation. J Transcult Nurs.2009;20:105–115.
