Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Purpose.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate two potential methods for increasing participant compliance with behavioral self-monitoring (BSM).

Design.

A randomized 2 × 2 factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of target behavior choice (choice vs. assigned) and self-management skills training (training vs. no-training) on BSM compliance. In the choice manipulation, participants either chose or were assigned one of seven types of healthful or safe behaviors to self-monitor. In the training manipulation, participants either completed computer-based self-management skills training or received no training. Participants were then asked to complete daily BSM for 2 weeks.

Setting.

The study was conducted at a university and teaching hospital.

Subjects.

Participants (N = 60) were predominantly university and hospital employees.

Measures.

The primary dependent measure was percent compliance with BSM.

Analysis.

A factorial analysis of variance of compliance scores was performed.

Results.

Mean compliance with prescribed BSM was 52.6% (SD = 31.8). The main effect for choice was significant, with choice participants showing 18% higher BSM compliance than those in no-choice conditions (d = .59; p < .05). The effects of self-management skills training and the interaction term were both nonsignificant.

Conclusion.

Although self-management skills training did not appear to affect BSM compliance, offering individuals a choice in target behavior substantially increased both BSM compliance and self-reported behavior change. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[5]:319-324.)

Keywords

Behavioral Self-Monitoring Health Promotion Intervention Motivation Choice Training Manuscript format: research Research purpose: intervention testing/program evaluation Study design: experimental Outcome measure: behavioral Setting: workplace local community Health focus: fitness/physical activity nutrition Strategy: skill building/behavior change Target population: adults Target population circumstances: nA

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Schreurs

KMG

Colland

Kuijer

Development, content, and process evaluation of a short self-management intervention in patients with chronic diseases requiring self-care behaviours. Patient Educ Couns. 2003;51:133–141.

Saelens

McGrath

. Self-monitoring adherence and adolescent weight control efficacy. Child Health Care. 2003;32:137–152.

Olson

Austin

. Behavior-based safety and working alone: The effects of a self-monitoring package on the safe performance of bus operators. J Organ Behav Manage. 2001;21:5–43.

Korotitsch

Nelson-Gray

. An overview of self-monitoring research in assessment and treatment. Psychol Assess. 1999;11:415–425.

Olson

Winchester

. Behavioral self-monitoring of safety and productivity in the workplace: A methodological primer and quantitative literature review. J Organ Behav Manage. 2008;28:9–75.

Elliot

Miltenberger

Kaster-Bundgaard

Lumley

. A national survey of assessment and therapy used by behavior therapists. Cogn Behav Pract. 1996;3:107–125.

Cash

Hrabosky

. The effects of psychoeducation and self-monitoring in a cognitive-behavioral program for body-image improvement. Eat Disord. 2003;11:255–270.

Hickman

Geller

. Self-management to increase safe driving among short-haul truck drivers. J Organ Behav Manage. 2005;23:1–20.

Shelton

Levy

Behavioral Assignments and Treatment Compliance. Champaign, Ill: Thomas; 1981.

10.

Komaki

Dore-Boyce

. Self-recording: Its effects on individuals high and low in motivation. Behav Ther. 1978;9:65–72.

11.

Lipinski

Black

Nelson

Ciminero

. The influence of motivational variables on the reactivity and reliability of self-recording. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1975;43:637–646.

12.

Prochaska

DiClemente

. Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. In: Hersen

Eisler

Miller

, eds. Progress in Behavior Modification. Sycamore, Ill: Sycamore Press; 1992:184–214.

13.

Marshal

Biddle

SJH

. The transtheoretical model of behavior change: A meta-analysis of applications to physical activity and exercise. Ann Behav Med. 2001;23:229–246.

14.

Laraway

Snycerski

Michael

Poling

. Motivating operations and terms to describe them: Some further refinements. J Appl Behav Anal. 2003;36:407–414.

15.

Wilder

Carr

. Recent advances in the modification of establishing operations to reduce aberrant behavior. Behav Interv. 1998;13:43–59.

16.

Kunitsuka

Yamatsu

Adachi

. A correspondence behavioral approach for 6 lifestyle's improvements in a workplace. Jpn J Public Health. 2002;49:525–534.

17.

Capadanno

Zapanta

Buccoli

Prompting plus choice of target behavior increase compliance with behavioral self-monitoring. Organ Behav Manage Network News. 2007;21:18–21.

18.

Bandura

Locke

. Negative self efficacy and goals revisited. J Appl Psychol. 2003;88:87–99.

19.

Norris

Engelgau

Narayan

KMV

. Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:561–587.

20.

Foster

Laverty-Finch

Gizzo

Osantowski

. Practical issues in self-observation. Psychol Assess. 1999;11:426–438.

21.

Karasek

Theorell

Healthy Work: Stress, Productivity, and the Reconstruction of Working Life. New York, NY: Basic Books; 1990.

22.

Netemeyer

Boles

McMurrian

. Development and validation of work-family conflict and family-work conflict scales. J Appl Psychol. 1996;81:400–410.

23.

Cancer Prevention Research Center. Staging questionnaires for fruit and vegetable consumption and low fat diet. Available at: http://hmcrc.srph.tamsch.edu/Measures/MeasuresMain.aspx. Accessed April 8, 2009.

24.

Greene

Rossi

Dietary applications of the stages of change model. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99:673–678.

25.

Adams

. Inequity in social exchange. In: Berkowitz

, ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol 2. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1965:267–299.

The Effects of Target Behavior Choice and Self-Management Skills Training on Compliance with Behavioral Self-Monitoring