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Abstract

Purpose.

Examine behavioral, demographic, psychosocial, and sociocultural concomitants of the stages of change for physical activity behavior among college students in South Korea (n = 221) and the United States (n = 166).

Methods.

Measures obtained in this cross-sectional study included age; body mass index; nationality; gender; exercise behavior; processes of change; decisional balance; self-efficacy; stage of change; and predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors.

Results.

The amount of variance explained for stage of change by the transtheoretical model constructs (i.e., decisional balance, processes of change, self-efficacy) ranged from 11% to 29% (all p < .001), whereas the predisposing (2%; p = .052), reinforcing (3%; p = .06), and enabling (5%; p < .001) factors were not as important. In multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis, gender (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3; p < .001), gender by nationality interaction (OR = .27; p < .01), weekly exercise behavior (OR = 1.04; p < .001), and behavioral processes of change (OR = 1.12; p < .001) were each significant concomitants of the stages of change.

Discussion.

In terms of physical activity behavior, South Korean women were more likely than South Korean men to be in the early stages, whereas American men were slightly more likely to be in the early stages than American women when all the concomitants were accounted for. Among the psychosocial stage of change concomitants, only the behavioral processes of change were found to be important.

Keywords

Behavior Change Exercise PRECEDE/PROCEED Transtheoretical Model Enabling Factors Decisional Balance Predisposing Factors Processes of Change Reinforcing Factors Self-efficacy Stage of Change Prevention Research Manuscript format: research Research purpose: modeling/relationship testing,descriptive Study design: nonexperimental Outcome measure: behavioral,demographic,psychosocial,sociocultural Setting: national Health focus: fitness/physical activity Strategy: N/A Target population age: young adults Target population circumstances: geographic location,race/ethnicity

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Behavioral,Demographic,Psychosocial,and Sociocultural Concomitants of Stage of Change for Physical Activity Behavior in a Mixed-Culture Sample