Is Humidification Always Necessary During Noninvasive Ventilation in the Hospital?

Branson RD , Gentile MA . Is humidification always necessary during noninvasive ventilation in the hospital?. Respir Care, 2010; 55(2):209–216.

American National Standards Institute. Standard for humidifiers and nebulizers for medical use. ANSI Z79[9] Washington, DC: American National Standards Institute; 1979.

Mehta S , Hill NS . Noninvasive ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2001; 163(2):540–577.

Taccone P , Hess D , Caironi P , Bigatello LM . Continuous positive airway pressure delivered with a “helmet”: effects on carbon dioxide rebreathing. Crit Care Med, 2004; 32(10):2090–2096.

Graff TD . Humidification: indications and hazards in respiratory therapy. Anesth Analg, 1975; 54(4):444–448.

Green ID , Nasarajah MS . Water vapor pressure of end-tidal air of normals and chronic bronchitics. J Appl Physiol, 1968; 24(2):229–231.

Walker JE , Wells RE Jr , Merrill EW . Heat and water exchange in the respiratory tract. Am J Med, 1961; 30:259–267.

Chiumello D , Chierichetti M , Tallarini F , Cozzi P , Cressoni M , Polli F , et al. Effect of a heated humidifier during continuous positive airway pressure delivered by a helmet. Crit Care, 2008; 12(2):R55.