During ontogenetic development in rabbits, aged 2, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, we found that acupuncture analgesic effect and morphine analgesic effect progressively increased. Analgesic effects in the 21- day-old rabbits were reversed by naloxone, which indicates that the effects are related to opiate receptors. Acupuncture analgesic effects of 14- and 21-day-old rabbits were almost completely blocked by intraventricular injection of naloxone or naloxazone. This supports the hypothesis that, during the ontogenetic development of opiate receptors, the high and low affinity binding sites have differentiated at birth and mediate different pharmacological effects.
OmuraY., Editorial: Patho-physiology of acupuncture effects, ACTH and morphine-like substances, pain, phantom sensations (phantom pain, itch and coldness), brain micro-circulation, and memory, Acupuncture & ElectroTherapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 2, pp. 1-31, 1976.
2.
OmuraY., Editorial: Pain threshold measurement before and after acupuncture: Controversial results of radiant heat method and electrical method, and the roles of ACTH-like substances and endorphins, Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 3, pp. 1-21, 1978.
3.
OmuraY., Editorial: Part II - Impressions of the history-making Acupuncture Symposia held in Peking and travel experiences in the People’s Republic of China, Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 1-28, 1980.
4.
ZhangAn-Zhong, Endorphin and acupuncture analgesia research in the People’s Republic of China (1975-1979), Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 131-146, 1980.
5.
TakeshigeCMuraiM & HachisuM., Parallel individual variation in effectiveness of electro-acupuncture, morphine analgesia and dorsal PAG-SPA and its abolishment by D-phenylalanine, Acupuncture & ElectroTherapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 251-268, 1980.
6.
PasternakGW., Central mechanisms of opioid analgesia, Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 6, pp. 135-149, 1981.
7.
ZhangAn-ZhongPasternakGW., Ontogeny of opioid pharmacology and receptors: high and low affinity site differences, European Journal of Pharmacology, 73, pp. 29-40, 1981.
8.
GarcinFCoyleJT., Ontogenetic development of 3H-naloxone binding and endogenous morphine-like factors in rat brains; in: Opiates and Endogenous Opioid Peptides, KosterlitzHW, ed., Elsevier/North Holland Press, Amsterdam, p. 267, 1976.
9.
De la BaumeSPateyGGrosCSchwartzJC., Ontogenesis of enkephalinergic systems in rat brains; in: Endogenous and Exogenous Opiate Agonists and Antagonists, WayEL., ed., Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 179-182, 1980.
10.
CaoXiao Ding, Effects of physostigmine and acetylcholine on EEG during developmental process, China National Symposium of Physiology(in Chinese), 1964.
11.
ClendeninuNJPefraitisMASimonEJ., Ontological development of opiate receptors in rodent brains, Brain Research, 118, pp. 157-160, 1976.
12.
CoyleJTCampochiaroP., Ontogenesis of dopaminergic-cholinergic interactions in the rat striatum: a neurochemical study, Journal of Neurochemistry, 27, pp. 673-678, 1976.
13.
SnyderSH., Ontogenesis of dopamine receptor binding in the corpus striatum of the rat, Brain Research, 125, pp. 376-382, 1977.
14.
PasternakGWChilderSRSnyderSH., Opiate analgesia: evidence for mediation by a subpopulation of opiate receptors, Science, 208, pp. 514-516, 1980.
15.
MartinWREadesCGThompsonJAHupp1erREGilbertPE., The effects of morphine and nalorphine-like drugs in the nondependent and morphine-dependent chronic spinal dog, Journal of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, 197, pp. 517-532, 1976.
16.
PasternakGWChildersSRSnyderSH., Naloxazone, a long-acting opiate antagonist: effects on analgesia in inactive animals and on opiate receptor binding in vitro, Journal of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, 214, pp. 455-462, 1980.
17.
ZhouGuang-ZhaoXuShao-FenZhangAn-Zhong., The effect of Naloxazone on electro-acupuncture analgesia in rabbits, Acupuncture & ElectroTherapeutics Research, The International Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 197-199, 1980.
18.
PasternakGWZhangAn-ZhongTecottL., Developmental differences between high and low affinity opiate binding sites: their relationship to analgesia and respiratory depression, Life Science, 27, pp. 1185-1190, 1980.
19.
ZhangAn-ZhongPasternakGW., Opiates and enkaphalins: a common binding site mediates their analgesic actions in rats, Life Science, 29, pp. 843-851, 1981.
