The aim and scope of the journal is defined by emphasizing interdisciplinary, multi-parameter, scientific, and objective approaches to both clinical and basic research in Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics. By introducing some relatively unknown historical aspects of acupuncture in both Far Eastern countries and the Western world, the adequacy of using “Oriental medicine or Far Eastern Oriental medicine” described for Acupuncture was stressed, rather than emphasizing Acupuncture as associated with nationalism of specific countries. Some of the important parameters and the associated problems in carrying out research in Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics are discussed. Among the parameters are: The description of Acupuncture technique; the method of the description of Acupuncture points (Acupuncture loci); placebo effects; hypnotic effects; pre- and post Acupuncture evaluations; CBC & blood chemistry; environmental effects; bio-rhythm and time factors; Electro-Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics; four types of electro-acupuncture, including capacitive current and Electro-magnetic field stimulation; advantages of Electro-Acupuncture; important parameters in Electro-Acupuncture; side effects of Electro-Acupuncture; simple techniques of evaluating the safety of electrical stimulators; Kirlian photography and Acupuncture; etc. Brief introductions and comments were made on the papers published in this issue.
HongoMasatoyo, Shin-KiyuCho-Hou-Ki (Important Useful Notes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion, written in Japanese), Japan, 1718, reproduced by Ido No Nihonsha, 1948, with introduction and footnotes by F. Ono.
2.
YamanobeNen, Guidebook for Pulse Methods (written in Japanese Myaku Hou Te Biki Sou), Japan, 1771, reproduced by Ido No Nihonsha, Oppama, Yokosuka, Japan with preface by Sodo Okabe, 1963.
3.
ManakaY.SchmidtH. Acupuncture Introduction Seminar for Physicians (book written in Japanese, and 1st ed. was translated into Chinese), Ido No Nihonsa, Yokosuka, Japan, 1954 (1st ed.) and 1969 (4th ed., latest).
4.
ManakaY. Theories and Ways of Thinking in Acupuncture-Moxibustion (book written in Japanese), Sou-Gen-Sha, Osaka, Japan, 1971.
5.
SerizawaÊ., Science of Acupuncture-Moxibustion: Theories (book written in Japanese), Ishiyaku Shuppan, Tokyo, Japan, 1959 (1st edition) and 1971 (3rd ed.).
6.
Japanese Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society, Journal of the International Congress of Acupuncture and Moxibustion—1965 Tokyo (hardcover book written in both Japanese and English), Ido No Nihonsha, Yokosuka, Japan, 1965.
7.
YuWing Yoik, New Theories on Acupuncture and Moxibustion, (Chen Kou Shen Tan, written in Chinese), Hongkong Profit Publisher, Hongkong, 1970.
8.
IshiharaÁ., Japanese Medicine: Its Flow and Development (written in Japanese), published by Shibun-dou, Tokyo, 1966.
9.
HildrethR. Japan as it Was and Is, Phillips, Sampson & Co., Boston, 1855.
10.
Pinto, Fernan Mendez, Peregrinations in the East, published in 1614 36 years after this Portuguese author's death, translated into Spanish in 1620, French in 1628 and finally into English in 1663.
11.
PeacherW. Adverse reactions, contra-indications and complications of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Am. J. Chinese Med. 3, 35–46, 1975.
12.
DavisD.The history and sociology of the scientific study of acupuncture, Am. J. Chinese Med., 3, 5–26, 1975.
13.
AmberR.B. Babey-BrookeA.M. The Pulse in Occident and Orient; Its Philosophy and Practice in India, China, Iran, and the West, published by Santa Barbara Press, New York and Dawsons of Pall Mall, London, 1966.
14.
Shi MaQuien, ShiChi, written in 91 B.C.
15.
The Tso Chuan, presumably written about 540 B.C.
16.
HommaShouhaku, Research on Nan-ching, Ido No Nihon-Sha, Oppama, Yokosuka, Japan, 1968.
17.
HuardP.WongM. Chinese Medicine, (translated from the French to English by Bernard Fielding), McGraw-Hill, New York & Toronto, 1968.
18.
HsuShen, Shwo Wen Jie Zi (the oldest Chinese etymological dictionary), written from 100 to 121 A.D.
19.
SuzukiT. The Puzzle of Japanese Ancient Documents, Tairiku-Shobou, Tokyo, Japan, 1972.
20.
OgawaT. History of Medicine, Chuoukoron-sha, Tokyo, Japan, 1964.
21.
TambaYasunari, Ishin-Hou (Methods (or Principles) of Essential Medicine), 982 A.D.
22.
Mission to Asia: Narratives and Letters of the Franciscan Missionaries in Mongolia and China in the 13th and 14th Centuries (translated by a Nun of Stanbrook Abbey and edited with an introduction by Christopher Dawson), Harper & Row, 1st Harper Torchbook Edition, New York, 1966.
23.
RhyneW.T. Dissertatio de Arthritide; Mantissa Schematica; de Acupunctura; et Orationes Tres, 1683.
24.
Secrets de la Medicine des Chinois (author unknown), Grenoble, France, 1671.
25.
Coley, On Acupuncturation, Medical and Physical Journal, 7, 235–238,1802.
26.
ChurchillJ.M. Treatise on Acupuncturation, Being a Description of a Surgical Operation Originally Peculiar to the Japanese and Chinese, and by Them Demonstrated ZIN-KING, Now Introduced into European Practice, with Directions for its Performance and Cases Illustrating its Success, Simpkin Marshall Co., London, 1821.
27.
ChurchillJ.M. On Acupuncturation (in Rheumatism) (published in the Original Communications section), London Medical Repository, 29, 372–374, 1823.
28.
BacheF. Cases illustrative of the remedial effects of acupuncture, North Am. Med. Surg. J. 1, 311–321, 1826.
29.
LeeW. M, Acupuncture as a remedy for rheumatism, Boston Med. Surgical J. 15,85–87, 1836.
30.
OsierW. The Principles and Practice of Medicine, Young J. Pentland, Edinburgh and London, 1892.
31.
MerrillF.H.VonHippel Á., The atomphysical interpretation of Lichtensberg figures and their application to the study of gas discharge phenomena, J. Appl. Phys. 10, 873–887, 1939.
32.
PratS.SchlemmerJ.Electrophotography,/. Biol. Photographic Ass. 7,145–148, 1939.
33.
KrippnerS.RubinD. eds., The Kirlian Aura (See Zdenck Rejdak's Bioplasma and Kirlian Photography, pp. 178–180), Doubleday-Anchor, New York, 1974.
34.
BonicaJ.Anesthesiology in the People's Republic of China, Anesthesiology, 40, 175–186, 1974.
35.
OmuraY.and LeeK.The effects of Acupuncture (Ac) on cardio-vascular and nervous systems, Abstracts, Vol. 2, of the 19th Annual Scientific Meeting of The American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, held in Boston, Mass., April 7-9, 1973. Page 48.
36.
OmuraY. The effects of Acupuncture on the cardio-vascular system: studies on essential hypertension and blood chemistry, in Abstract of The Third World Congress of Acupuncture pp. 208–209, Seoul, South Korea, September 25–27,1973.
37.
OmuraY.Patho-physiology of Acupuncture treatment: Part I, The Acupuncture News Digest(Original Research Section) National Acupuncture Research Society, 3, 7–10,1973.
38.
OmuraY. Patho-physiology of Acupuncture treatment: PartII, ibid; 3,6–81973, as the summary of 2 chapters by Y. Omura in the book, American Acupuncture (In press) from Medical Educational Press, New York, NY.
39.
OmuraY.; Cardio-Vascular Responses to Acupuncture, (abstract of one hour talk given as a guest speaker of the Symposium) in Proc First World Symposium on Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine, San Francisco, Sept. 1973 in the Am. J. Chinese Med. 2,112–113,1974.
40.
OmuraY. The effects of Acupuncture on the nervous system: studies on threshold stimulation and conduction velocities of motor and sensory nerve fibers, in Abstracts of The Third World Congress of Acupuncture pp. 209–210, Seoul, South Korea, September 25–27,1973.
41.
OmuraY. Patho-physiology of Acupuncture treatment, chapters in the multi-authored book American Acupuncture submitted in December 1972 to be published by Medical Educational Press of New York. (In press).
42.
PengA.T.C. OmuraY.ChengH.C.BlancatoL.S. Acupuncture for relief of chronic pain and surgical analgesia; Am Surgeon, 40,50–53,1974.
43.
OmuraY.Effects of Acupuncture on Blood Pressure, Leukocytes, Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Essential Hypertension, Fed. Proc, 33 (3): Part 1, presented and published March, 1974.
44.
OmuraY.; Acupuncture Medicine, Vols. I, II & III: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications and Limitations of Manual and Electrical Acupuncture, Japan Publications, Inc. Tokyo, Japan & San Francisco, U.S.A. (In press).
45.
OmuraY.; Clinical Applications and Limitations of Acupuncture (With Special Emphasis on the Management of Pain) and its Patho-Physiological Basis In Management of the Pain, (edited by Bonica, John J. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, (In press).
46.
OmuraY. The Effects of Ele. Acupuncture (Ac.) on Circulatory System (Especially on High Blood Pressure (H.B.P.) and Triglyceride (Tr.) Lowering Effects) & A Concept of “Vaso-Neuro-Musculai Functional Unit System“, in the abstracts of Sixth International Congress of Pharmacology to be held at Helsinki, Finland during July 20–25,1975.
47.
HellerS.I.OmuraY. Effects of Electro-Acupuncture on the Pain Threshold. Abstract submitted for the First World Congress of the International Association for The Study of Pain to be held in Florence, Italy, September 5–8, 1975.
48.
OmuraY.LeeK. Applications of ultra-mmiature photoelectric Plethysmographic sensors with a very short response time to the non-traumatic study of the circulatory system, presented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs on April 20, 1971, at Palmer House, Chicago, and published in Trans. Am. Soc. artif. internal Organs, 17,392404,1971.
49.
OmuraY. The relationship between the transmembrane action potentials of single cardiac cells and their corresponding surface electrograms or ECGs in vivo and in vitro (tissue culture), 45-minute talk (Part I) with 35 slides and a 5 minute color movie, presented at the New York Academy of Sciences, as a guest speaker. Biophysics Division, onMay23, 1968, and published in Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sci. Series II, 32,874–910,1970.
50.
OmuraY.The relationship between the transmembrane action potential and the voltage-time-dependent, negative resistant characteristics of the voltage current curves of excitable pacemaker and non-pacemaker cell membrane, 25-minute talk (Part II) with 15 slides, presented at the New York Academy of Sciences, as a guest speaker, of Biophysics Division, onMay23,1968, and published in the Trans. Acad. Sci, Series II, 33,467–504,1971.
51.
OmuraY.LehrD. The negative resistance characteristics of biological and non-biological fluids, presented at the Third International Biophysics Congress, held at M.I.T., Boston, August 29 thru September 3, 1969. (Page 98).
52.
OmuraY.LeeK.JeronimoM. Stimulation of excitable cell membranes by capacitive current and rapidly-changing electro-magnetic field without direct contact between electrodes and the cells. Fed. Proc. 31, No. 2, presented at the annual scientific meeting of the FASEB at Atlantic City on April 14, 1972.
53.
OmuraY. Significance of measured wave forms of voltage-time-dependent negative resistance characteristics (V-T NRCs) of voltage-current curves (V-I C) of excitable cell membranes (ECMs) of pacemaker (PM) and non-pacemaker (NPM) cells, presented at the IV International Biophysics Congress, held in Moscow in August, 1972, published in Abstracts of Contributed Papers, Int. Union pure appl Biophys., 3, 321–322, Moscow, August, 1972.
54.
OmuraY.Paradoxical effect of isoproterenol upon tissue culture myocardial cells isolated by intensive trypsinisation, Fed. Proc, 29, presented at the annual scientific meeting of the FASEB at Atlantic City in April, 1970.
55.
OmuraY.Pathophysiology of acupuncture treatment: effects of acupuncture on cardiovascular and nervous systems, Part I, Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeut. Research, 1,000–0001975.
56.
OmuraY.Electro-acupuncture, its electro-physiological basis and criteria for effectiveness and safety (Part I)." Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeut. Res. 1,000–000,1975.
57.
OmuraY.Electro-acupuncture for drug addiction withdrawal syndrome, particularly methadone (individualized acupuncture treatment for the withdrawal syndromes of drug additions and compulsive habits of drinking alcohol and smoking). Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeut. Res. 1,000–0001975.
58.
OmuraY., and SmithM. Improved acupuncture treatment for withdrawal syndromes of drug addiction and compulsive habits of drinking alcohol and smoking. Am. J. Chinese Med. III, Supplement No. 1, abstract published in the Proceedings of The Third World Symposium on Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine, held in New York, New York March 21–26,1975.
59.
ChiuD.T.J.ChengK.K.A study of the mechanism of the hypotensive effect of acupuncture in the rat, Am. J. Chinese Med, 2,413419, 1974.
60.
BrownM.L.UlettG.A.SternJ.A.The effects of acupuncture on white cell counts. Am. J. Chinese Med. 2,383–398, 1974.
61.
ChangHsiang-tung, Integrative action of thalamus in the process of acupuncture for analgesia, Am. J. Chinese Medicine, 2, No. 4, 1974.
62.
MelzackR.WallP.D. Pain-mechanisms: a new theory, Science, N. Y.150,971–979,1965.
63.
MelzackR. The Puzzle of Pain, Basic Books, New York, 1973.
64.
SurawiczB.PellegrinoE. (Ed) Sudden Cardiac Death, Crune & Stratton, New York, 1964.
65.
QuinnJ. (Ed) Medicine and Public Health in the People's Republic of China, publication of the Geographic Health Studies Program, John E. Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences, U.S. DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 72–67, June, 1972.
66.
SpiegelH.An eye-roll test for hypnotizability, Am. J. din. Hypnosis, 15, 25–28,1972.
67.
IggoÁ., Activation of Cutaneous Nociceptors and Their Actions on Dorsal Horn Neurones, International Symposium on Pain, sponsored by University of Washington School of Medicine and National Institutes of Health, May21–26, 1973, p. 7 of the Syllabus.
68.
HallinR.TorebjorkE. Activity in Unmyelinated Nerve Fibres in Man, ibid., p.9.
69.
KassilG.N. Biochemical Aspects of Some Pain Syndromes, ibid., p.12.
70.
BrownÁ., HamannW., MartinH., Descending and Semental Control of C Fibre Input to the Spinal Cord, ibid., p. 36.
71.
LeeJ.B. (Ed) Perspectives on the Prostaglandins, Medcom Press, 1973.
72.
RamwellP. (Ed) The Prostaglandins, Plenum Press, New York and London, 1974.
73.
ChangHsiang-Tung, Integrative action of the thalamus m the process of acupuncture for Analgesia, Am J. Chinese Med, 2, 1–40, 1974.
74.
NogierPaul, Treatise of Auriculotherapy, Maisonneuve, Editor, 57160 Mouline-les-Metz, France, 1970.
75.
MoriKazu, A clinical study on the diagnostic principles in the Oriental medicine J. Japan Hot Spring Weather Rehabil. Med. Part 1, No. 2,1–29,1971.
