This paper uses the term [primary health care practitioner] inline with current academic norm. The primary health care practitioner represents the following: Ambulance Paramedic, Intensive Care Paramedic, Paramedic, Mobile Intensive Care Ambulance Officer, Advance Life Support Officer, Ambulance Officer and or anyone who practices prehospital emergency care.
References
1.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 11 – Adult Advance Life Support: P.S.11.4 Medications in Adult Advance Life Support February 2002; [about 7 screens]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_11/medications_in_adult_als.htm.
2.
McIntyreKM. Vasopressin in asystolic cardiac arrest. New England Journal of Medicine. 2004 Jan 8;350(2):179–81.
Mosby's Medical, Nursing & Allied Health Dictionary. 5th ed.St.Louis: Mosby; 1998. AndersonK, AndersonL, GlanzeW.; pp. 251,265,1401,1703, 1396.
5.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 6 – Circulation: P.S.6.1 Causes of Cardiac Arrest November 1997; [about 1 screen]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_6/causes_of_cardiac_arrest.htm.
6.
EatonJC. Essentials of Immediate Medical Care. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2000.
7.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 6 – Circulation: P.S.6.2.1 Recognition of Cardiac Arrest February 2002; [about 2 screens]. Available in .pdf format from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_6/recognition_of_cardiac_arrest.htm.
8.
SafarP. Cardiac Resuscitation. New England Journal of Medicine. 2001 Aug 16;345(7):546–547.
9.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Basic Life Support Flow Chart; [about 1 screen]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/bls_flow_chart.pdf.
10.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Adult ALS Algorithm; [about 1 screen]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/adult_als_algorithm.pdf.
11.
TurnerA. The use of Vasopressin in the treatment of cardiac arrest. Journal of Emergency Primary Health Care [serial on the Internet]. 2003 [cited 2004 Jan 10];1(1–2):[about 9 p.]. Available from: http://www.jephc.com/full_article.cfm?content_id=63.
12.
WenzelV, LindnerKH. Arginine vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Laboratory evidence, clinical experience and recommendations, and a view to the future. Critical Care Medicine. 2002 April;30(4)Suppl:S157–S161.
13.
BryantB, KnightsK, SalernoE. Pharmacology for Health Professionals. Sydney: Mosby; 2003.
14.
TortoraGJ & GrabowskiSR. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 10th ed. New York: Wiley; 2002.
15.
RussellJC & GloverPL. The Physiology and Clinical Applications of Vasopressin in Critical Illness. Critical Care and Resuscitation. 2002 Aug 25;4:181–191.
16.
Medscape DrugInfo [database on the Internet].Medscape (US); 1994–2004 – [cited 2004 Jan 12]. Vasopressin Injection; unique ID:2-2839; [about 11 p.]. Available from: http://www.medscape.com/druginfo/.
LordB. PHC 303 Evidence Based Practice: Study Guide. Bathurst: Charles Sturt University; 2002.
20.
BestBETs [database on the Internet]. Manchester (UK): Accident and Emergency Department, Manchester Royal Infirmary. c2000–2002 –[cited 2004 Jul 20]. Hogg K. Vasopressin or Adrenaline in Cardiac Arrest; unique ID: 00407; [about 2p.]. Available from: http://www.bestbets.org/cgi-bin/bets.pl?record=00407.
21.
WenzelV, KrismerAC, ArntzRH, SitterH, StadlbauerKH, LindnerKH. A Comparison of Vasopressin and Epinephrine for Out-of-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. New England Journal of Medicine.2004 Jan 8;350(2):105–113.
22.
GottliebS. Vasopressin for cardiac arrest increases chances of survival. British Medical Journal.2004 Jan 17;328:128.
23.
StadlbauerKH, Wagner-bergerHG, WenzelV, VoelckelWG, KrismerAC, KilmaG, RheinbergerK, PechlanerS, MayrVD, LindnerKH. Survival with Full Neurologic Recovery After Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with a Combination of Vasopressin and Epinephrine in Pigs. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003 June;96(6):1743–1749.
24.
SteillIG, HebertPC, WellsGA, ClementC, VandemheenK, TangA, HigginsonL, DreyerJ, WeitzmanB. Vasopressin versus epinephrine for in-hospital cardiac arrest: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2001;358:105–109.
25.
LindnerKH, DirksB, StrohmengerHU, PrengelAW, LindnerIM, LurieKG. Randomised comparison of epinephrine and vasopressin in patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. Lancet. 1997;349(9051):535–537.
ChughSS, LurieKG, LindnerKH. Pressor with Promise: Using Vasopressin in Cardiopulmonary Arrest. Circulation. [serial on the Internet]. 1997 [cited 2004 Jan 9];96(7): [about 6 p.]. Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/96/7/2453.
28.
BabbsCF, BergRA, KetteF, KloeckWGJ, LindnerKH, LurieKG, MorleyPT, NadkarniVM, OttoCW, ParadisNA, PerlmanJ, StiellI, TimmermanA, Van ReemptsP, WenzelV. The use of vasopressors in the treatment of cardiac arrest. Annals of Emergency Medicine.2001 April;37(4)Suppl: S152–S162.
WenzelV, ArntzRH, LindnerKH. Vasopressin versus Epinephrine for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. New England Journal of Medicine.2004 May 20;350(21):2206–2209.
31.
RobbinsSP, MilletB, CacioppeR, Waters-MarshT. Organisational Behaviour: Leading and Managing in Australia and New Zealand. 3rd ed. Frenchs Forest: Prentice Hall; 2001.
32.
ArnemanJ. Current practice and developing trends in ALS management of cardiac arrest. Australasian Journal of Emergency Medicine.
33.
GueugniaudPY, MolsP, GoldsteinP, PhamE, DubienPY, DeweerdtC, VergnionM, PetitP, CarliP. A Comparison of Repeated High Doses and Repeated Standard Doses of Epinephrine for Cardiac Arrest outside the Hospital. New England Journal of Medicine.1998 Nov 26;339(22):1595–1601.
34.
HutchinsonL. Evaluating and researching the effectiveness of Educational Interventions British Medical Journal.1999;318:1277–1279.
35.
RappaportM, HallKM, HopkinsK, BellezaT, CopeDN. Disability rating scale for severe head trauma: coma to community. Archives Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1982 Mar;63(3):118–23.
WenzelV, LindnerKH, KrismerAC, MillerEA, VoelckelWG, LingnauW. Repeated Administration of Vasopressin but Not Epinephrine Maintains Coronary Perfusion Pressure After Early and Late Administration During Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pigs. Circulation. 1999 March 16;99(10):1379–1384.
38.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 7 – Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: P.S.7.1.1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation February 2002; [about 2 screens]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_7/cardiopulmonary_resuscitation.htm.
39.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 4 – Airway: Guideline 4.3.1 November 2003; [about 2 screens]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_4/airway_management.htm.
40.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 11 – Adult Advanced Life Support: P.S.11.5 Equipment and Techniques in Adult Advanced Life Support Febuarary 2002; [about 4 screens]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_4/airway_management.htm.
41.
Australian Resuscitation Council [website on the Internet]. Melbourne: Australian Resuscitation Council; c2004 [cited 2004 Jul 20]. Section 11 – Adult Advanced Life Support: P.S.11.2.1 Protocols for Adult Advanced Life Support July 2002; [about 4 screens]. Available from: http://www.resus.org.au/public/manual/section_11/protocols_for_adult_als.htm.