Establishing strategies for improving nursing shortages, which are labor challenges in the current health care industry.
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to examine the correlation between workplace bullying and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in nurses and the mediating effects of job satisfaction on this relationship.
METHODS:
A total of 164 valid samples were obtained. The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and an OCB scale were measured.
RESULTS:
The results indicate that a significantly larger proportion of nurses working in operating rooms (Δ odds ratio, odds = 2.30, p = 0.043), the emergency room, and the ICU (Δ odds = 2.79, p = 0.019) had suffered workplace bullying compared with nurses working in patient wards. No experience of workplace bullying exerted a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (p < 0.001), and job satisfaction exerted a positive and significant effect on overall OCB (p < 0.001). No experience of workplace bullying exerted a significant mediating effect on the influence of job satisfaction on overall OCB (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
The department of service in which a nurse works influences the occurrence of workplace bullying, previous experience with bullying reduces job satisfaction, and greater job satisfaction promotes higher OCB performance. Based on the study results, we advise that nursing executives address and prevent workplace bullying to increase the job satisfaction of nurses so that nurses are willing to display OCB, apply their expertise, and expand the role and functions of nursing.
KaratzaC, ZygaS, TziaferiS, PrezerakosP, Workplace bullying and general health status among the nursing staff of Greek public hospitals. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2016;15:7.
2.
KohWMS, Management of work place bullying in hospital: A review of the use of cognitive rehearsal as an alternative management strategy. Int J Nurs Sci. 2016;3(2):213–22.
3.
WrightW, KhatriN, Bullying among nursing staff: Relationship with psychological/ behavioral responses of nurses and medical errors. Health Care Manage Rev. . 2015;40(2):139–47.
4.
KhoshnammoghadamF, The impact of or, ganizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and organizational commitment on market-orientation of the banks (Case study: Parsian Bank Branches in Tehran). Int J Bus Manag.. 2017;12(9):173–85.
5.
Zayas-OrtizM, RosarioE, MarquezE, GruñeiroPC, Relationship between organizational commitments and organizational citizenship behaviour in a sample of private banking employees. Int J Sociol Soc Policy.. 2015;35(1/2):91–106.
6.
Na-NanK, KanthongS, JoungtrakulJ, SmithID, Mediating effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment between problems with performance appraisal and organizational citizenship behavior. J Open Innov Technol Mark Complex. 2020;6(3):64.
7.
JenaabadiH, OkatiE, SarhadiA, Organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction and commitment to school: Is there any significant difference between male and female teachers? World J Educ (2013;3(3):75–81.
8.
ShahjehanA, AfsarB, ShahSI, Is organizational commitment-job satisfaction relationship necessary for organizational commitment-citizenship behavior relationships? A meta-analytical necessary condition analysis. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 2019;32(1):2657–79.
9.
PodsakoffNP, WhitingSW, PodsakoffPM, Individual- and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. J Appl Soc Psychol. 2009;94(1):122–41.
10.
GunayGY, Relationship between job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and employee performance: Sample of Edirne financial office employees in Turkey. Am Int J Contemp Res. 2018;8(1):64–74.
11.
EinarsenS, RaknesBI, Harassment in the workplace and the victimization of men. Violence Vict. 1997;12(3):247–63.
12.
KakoulakisC, GalanakisM, Bakoula-TzoumakaC, DarvyriP, ChroussosG, DarvyriC, Validation of the negative acts questionnaire (NAQ) in a sample of Greek teachers. Psych. 2015;6:63–74.
13.
MaSC, ChienTW, WangHH, LiYC, YuiMS, Applying computerized adaptive testing to the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised: Rasch analysis of workplace bullying. J Med Internet Res. 2014;16(2):e50.
14.
WeissDJ, DawisRV, EnglandGW, LofquistLH, Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota; 1967.
15.
GeC, FuJ, ChangY, WangL, Factors associated with job satisfaction among Chinese community health workers: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:884.
16.
WilliamsLJ, AndersonSE, Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and inrole behavior. J Manage. 1991;17(3):601–17.
17.
ChenY, LinC, TungY, KoY, Associations of organizational justice and ingratiation with Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The beneficiary perspective. Soc Behav Pers. 2008;36(3):289–302.
18.
TakeuchiR, BolinoMC, LinCC, Too many motives? The interactive effects of multiple motives on organizational citizenship behavior. J Appl Soc Psychol.. 2015;100(4):1239–48.
19.
HayesAF, Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Available at: https://www.afhayes.com/public/pmm2016.pdf, accessed March 11, 2017.
20.
SobelME, Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhardt (Ed.), Sociological Methodology, 290-312. Washington DC: American Sociological Association; 1982.
21.
ShroutPE, BolgerN, Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychol Methods. 2002;7(4):422–45.
22.
FarrellGA, ShafieiT, Workplace aggression, including bullying in nursing and midwifery: A descriptive survey (the SWAB study). Int J Nurs Stud. 2012;49:1423–31.
23.
EdwardKL, OuseyK, WarelowP, LuiS, Nursing and aggression in the workplace: A systematic review. Br J Nurs. 2014;23(12):653–9.
24.
MagnavitaN, The exploding spark: Workplace violence in an infectious disease hospital—a longitudinal study. BioMed Res Int. 2013;2013:316358.
25.
NerimanA, MehmetA, HulyaY, Association of organisational stress with fatigue in operating room nurses. Int J Caring Sci. 2019;12(2):627–38.
26.
Al-GhabeeshSH, QattomH, Workplace bullying and its preventive measures and productivity among emergency department nurses. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2019;8(1):59.
27.
AhmedAS, Verbal and physical abuse against Jordanian nurses in the work environment. East Mediterr Health J. 2012;18:318–24.
28.
YunS, KangJ, LeeYO, YiY, Work environment and workplace bullying among Korean intensive care unit nurses. Asian Nurs Res. 2014;8(3):219–25.
29.
HaugeLJ, SkogstadA, EinarsenS, The relative impact of workplace bullying as a social stressor at work. Scand J Psychol. 2010;51(5):426–33.
30.
MikkelsonEG, EinarsenS, Basic assumptions and symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of bullying at work. Eur J Work Organ Psychol. 2002;11(1):87–111.
31.
AkarN, NilgünA, SarvanF, Causes, dimensions and organizational consequences of mobbing: An empirical study. Ege Academic Review. 2011;11(1):179–91.
32.
Rodríguez-CifuentesF, Fernández-SalineroS, MorianoJA, TopaG, Presenteeism, oercommitment, workplace bullying, and job satisfaction: A moderated mediation relationshiInt J Environ Res Public Health (2020;17(22):8616.
33.
LohJ, RestubogSLD, ZagenczykTJ, Consequences of workplace bullying on employee identification and satisfaction among Australians and Singaporeans. J Cross-Cult Psychol. 2010;41(2):236–52.
34.
HansenAM, HoghA, GardeAH, PerssonR, Workplace bullying and sleep difficulties: A 2-year follow-up study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014;87(3):285–94.
35.
NolfeG, ManciniP, MancusiR, ZontiniG, NolfeG, Work-related psychopathology: Rates in different work activities and relationship between subjective perception of work distress and psychiatric disturbances. Work. 2014;47(4):501–18.
36.
SansoneRA, SansoneLA, Workplace bullying: A tale of adverse consequences. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2015;12(1-2)32–7.
VerdascaAT, Organizational changes, workplace bullying and organizational citizenship behaviour. International Journal on Working Conditions. 2015;9:82–98.
39.
BakotićD, Relationship between job satisfaction and organisational performance. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 2016;29(1):118–30.
40.
LorberM, SkelaSavič B, Job satisfaction of nurses and identifying factors of job satisfaction in Slovenian Hospitals. Croat Med J. 2012;53(3):263–70.
41.
AsegidA, BelachewT, YimamE, Factors influencing job satisfaction and anticipated turnover among nurses in Sidama Zone Public Health Facilities, South Ethiopia. Nurs Res Pract. 2014;4:909768.
42.
BaillienE, NeyensI, De WitteH, De CuyperN, A qualitative study on the development of workplace bullying: Towards a three way model. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2009;19:1–16.
43.
AbbasiM, ZakerianA, AkbarzadeA, DinarvandN, GhaljahiM, PoursadeghiyanM, EbrahimiMH, Investigation of the relationship between work ability and work-related quality of life in nurses. Iran J Public Health. 2017;46:1404.
44.
KhammarA, MoghimianM, EbrahimiMH, AbbasiM, BaneshiMM, YariAR, HamiM, PoursadeghiyanM, Effects of bright light shock on sleepiness and adaptation among night workers of a hospital in Iran. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2017;10:595.
45.
AbbasiM, ZakerianA, MehriA, PoursadeghiyanM, DinarvandN, AkbarzadehA, EbrahimiMH, Investigation into effects of work-related quality of life and some related factors on cognitive failures among nurses. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2017;23:386–92.
