Currently, there are no assessment tools for measuring coping strategies for stress at work in the Korean language.
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to translate the Latack Coping Scale to workplace stress into Korean and examine its psychometric properties in a Korean working population.
METHODS:
Translation of the the Latack Coping Scale was performed according to the scientific guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation. Two hundred and forty one general workers in Korea completed the new Korean version of the Latack Coping Scale as well as the Type D Personality Scale-14 (negative affectivity). Psychometric properties (reliability and validity) were evaluated.
RESULTS:
Factor analysis yielded a model that was consistent with the originally proposed subscales of the questionnaire. Good to excellent internal consistency and measurement consistency over a one week interval were obtained for five subscales (Cronbach’s alpha; 0.61 to 0.86 and ICC (2.2); 0.80 to 0.87). Escape coping scales were positively associated with Type D personality while control coping scales were negatively associated with Type D personality.
CONCLUSIONS:
This Korean version of the Latack Coping Scale has shown excellent validity and reliability in the Korean working population. Organizations investigating work stress and coping methods in Korean workers can use this instrument with confidence.
OrganizationWH. The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2008.
2.
MurrayCJ, LopezAD, JamisonDT. The global burden of disease in 1990: Summary results, sensitivity analysis and future directions. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 1994;72(3):495–509.
3.
Frasure-SmithN, LesperanceF, TalajicM. Depression following myocardial infarction. Impact on 6-month survival. Jama. 1993;270(15):1819–25.
4.
ChoMJ, SeongSJ, ParkJE, ChungIW, LeeYM, BaeA, et al.Prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders in south korean adults: The korean epidemiologic catchment area study 2011. Psychiatry Investigation. 2015;12(2):164–70.
5.
MurrayCJL, VosT, LozanoR, NaghaviM, FlaxmanAD, MichaudC, et al.Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2197–223.
6.
HarveySB, HendersonM, LelliottP, HotopfM. Mental health and employment: Much work still to be done. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science. 2009;194(3):201–3.
7.
SauterS, MurphyL, ColliganM, SwansonN, HurrellJ, ScharfF, et al.Stress at work. Cincinnati: DHHS (NIOSH) Pub. 1999 (99-101):1–25.
8.
KarasekRA, Job demands, Job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly. 1979;24(2):285–308.
9.
WooJM, PostolacheTT. The impact of work environment on mood disorders and suicide: Evidence and implications. International Journal on Disability and Human Development: IJDHD. 2008;7(2):185–200.
10.
StansfeldSA, FuhrerR, HeadJ, FerrieJ, ShipleyM. Work and psychiatric disorder in the Whitehall II Study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1997;43(1):73–81.
11.
PaternitiS, NiedhammerI, LangT, ConsoliSM. Psychosocial factors at work, personality traits and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal results from the GAZEL Study. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science. 2002;181: 111–7.
12.
MonatA, RSA. Stress and coping: An anthology. New York: Columbia University Press; 1977.
13.
LatackJC. Coping with job stress: Measures and future directions for scale development. The Journal of Applied Psychology. 1986;71(3):377–85.
14.
MoosRH, AGB. Conceptualizing and measuring coping resources and processes, In GoldbergerL. & Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects. New York: Free press; 1982.
15.
FolkmanS, LazarusRS. An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 1980;21(3):219–39.
16.
CannonWB. Organization for physiological homeostasis. 1929;9(3):399–431.
17.
ParkYC, KimKI, SN. Assessment of the CISS (coping inventory for stressful situation) in korean high school student. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. 2000;39(1):55–64.
18.
KimY, SeidlitzL. Spirituality moderates the effect of stress on emotional and physical adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences. 2002;32(8):1377–90.
19.
HongSH, HSY. A validation study of the korean coping response inventory for youth. The Korean Journal of School Psychology. 2011;8(3):307–36.
20.
McGoeyKE, CowanRJ, RumrillPP, LaVogueC. Understanding the psychometric properties of reliability and validity in assessment. Work (Reading, Mass). 2010;36(1):105–11.
21.
BeatonDE, BombardierC, GuilleminF, FerrazMB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186–91.
22.
BehlingO, KSL. Translating Questionnaires and other Research Instruments: Problems and Solutions. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications; 2000.
23.
YoonJ, ThyeS. Supervisor support in the work place: Legitimacy and positive affectivity. The Journal of Social Psychology. 2000;140(3):295–316.
24.
ChaES, KimKH, ErlenJA. Translation of scales in cross-cultural research: Issues and techniques. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2007;58(4):386–95.
25.
BjersMJ, BAM. Avoidance of the relative clause by Korean learners of English. Linguistic Portfolios. 2015;4:35–43.
26.
HwangSJJ. Relative-clause constructions in Korean discourse. Language Research. 1994;30(4):673–705.
27.
CronbachLJJP. Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. 1951;16(3):297–334.
28.
DenolletJ. DS Standard assessment of negative affectivity, social inhibition, and Type D personality. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2005;67(1):89–97.
29.
PolmanR, BorkolesE, NichollsAR. Type D personality, stress, and symptoms of burnout: The influence of avoidance coping and social support. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2010;15(Pt 3):681–96.
30.
JumCN, HBI. Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994.
31.
WindowsPSf. SPSS Inc Version 22.0. Version 220. Chicago: SPSS Inc; 2013.
32.
TabachnickBG, LSF. Using Multivariate Statistics Needham Heights, MA: Pearson Education Inc; 2007.
33.
JosephFJH, RonaldLT, RolphEA, BW. Multivariate data analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc; 1998.
34.
LLT. Multiple-factor Analysis: A development and Expansion of The Vectors of Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago; 1947.
35.
FabrigarLR, WegenerDT, MacCallumRC, StrahanEJ. Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods. 1999;4(3):272–99.
36.
CattellRB. The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research. 1966;1(2):245–76.
37.
RSL. Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1966.
38.
Fortes-FerreiraL, PeiroJM, Gonzalez-MoralesMG, MartinI. Work-related stress and well-being: The roles of direct action coping and palliative coping. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. 2006;47(4):293–302.
39.
O’DriscollMP, BroughP, TJK. Stress and coping, In CartwrightS. and CooperCL (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Well-Being. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2009.
40.
KimY, SP. An empirical study on the relationships between cultural type, strength and organizational performance in korean firms. Korean Journal of Management. 1998;6(2):195–238.
41.
EumKD, LiJ, JhunHJ, ParkJT, TakSW, KarasekR, et al.Psychometric properties of the Korean version of the job content questionnaire: Data from health care workers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2007;80(6):497–504.
42.
ChangSJ, KangDM, KangMG, KohSB, KimSA, SYK. Standardization of job stress measurement scale for Korean employees (The 2nd year project), Incheon: Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute. Korea Occupational Safety and Health Institute. 2004.
43.
HavlovicSJ, JPK. Coping with work stress: The influence of individual differences, In CrandallR, PerrewePL, (Eds.). Occupational stress: A handbook. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis; 1995, pp. 179–92.
