Supine lying center of pressure movement characteristics as a predictor of normal developmental stages in early infancy

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Absent or abnormal fidgety movements in young infants are associated with subsequent diagnoses of developmental disorders such as cerebral palsy. The General Movement Assessment (GMA) is a qualitative clinical tool to visually identify infants with absent or abnormal fidgety movements associated with developmental stage, yet no quantitative measures exist to detect fidgety activity.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether a correlation exists between quantitative Center of Pressure (CoP) measurements during supine lying and age.

METHODS:

Twenty-four healthy full-term infants participated in the Institutional Review Board-approved study. Participants were placed supine in view of a GoPro camera on an AMTI force plate for two minutes. Spontaneous movements were evaluated by three trained raters using the GMA. Traditional CoP parameters (range, total path length, mean velocity, and mean acceleration of resultant CoP) were assessed, and complexity of each of the resultant CoP variables (location, velocity, and acceleration) was calculated by sample entropy. Linear regression with Pearson correlation was performed to assess the correlations between the CoP parameters and adjusted age.

RESULTS:

Nineteen infants were deemed fidgety per the GMA and were included in further analyses. All Sample entropy measures and range of resultant CoP had significant correlations with adjusted age ( $p<$ 0.05). Sample entropy of resultant CoP decreased with increasing age while range of resultant CoP increased with increasing age.

CONCLUSION:

The results suggest that complexity of CoP and range of CoP are good predictors of age in typical developing infants during the fidgety period. Therefore, an approach using these parameters should be explored further as a quantifiable tool to identify infants at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment.