Neonatal adenovirus infection is infrequent, but in most cases the outcome of the infection is fatal. In this case report we describe the hospital course of a 3 day old newborn patient presenting with bloody stools and thrombocytopenia that remained clinically stable and had a benign course following Adenovirus 40/41 infection detected in stool. Neonatal adenovirus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and pneumonia but also in patients that present with hematochezia, thrombocytopenia and/or other less specific signs and symptoms of viral illness.
RonchiA, DoernC, BrockE, PugniL, SanchezPJ. Neonatal adenoviral infection: A seventeen year experience and review of the literature. J Pediatr. 2014;164(3), :529–35e1-4.
2.
LynchJP3rd, FishbeinM, EchavarriaM. Adenovirus. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;32(4):494–511.
3.
AbzugMJ, LevinMJ. Neonatal adenovirus infection: Four patients and review of the literature. Pediatrics. 1991;87(6):890–6.
4.
SunCC, DuaraS. Fatal adenovirus pneumonia in two newborn infants, one case caused by adenovirus type 30. Pediatr Pathol. 1985;4(3-4):247–55.
5.
PintoA, BeckR, JadavjiT. Fatal neonatal pneumonia caused by adenovirus type 35, Report of one case and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992;116(1):95–9.
6.
SchmitzH, WigandR, HeinrichW. Worldwide epidemiology of human adenovirus infections. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;117(4):455–66.
7.
UhnooI, WadellG, SvenssonL, JohanssonME. Importance of enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 in acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. J Clin Microbiol. 1984;20(3):365–72.
8.
MunozFM, PiedraPA, DemmlerGJ. Disseminated adenovirus disease in immunocompromised and immunocompetent children. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27(5):1194–200.
9.
OsamuraT, MizutaR, YoshiokaH, FushikiS. Isolation of adenovirus type 11 from the brain of a neonate with pneumonia and encephalitis. Eur J Pediatr. 1993;152(6):496–9.
10.
FukudaS, OgisoK, MushimotoY, AbeM, YasudaK, YamaguchiS. Adenovirus serotype 31 infection in a newborn girl and review of the literature. Pediatr Int. 2011;53(3):408–11.
11.
KimJS, HanHS, ParkSH, ChunYK, LeeHJ, ChiJG. Neonatal adenoviral pneumonia–report of three autopsy cases. J Korean Med Sci. 1997;12(2):146–50.
12.
HenquellC, BoeufB, MirandA, . Fatal adenovirus infection in a neonate and transmission to health-care workers. J Clin Virol. 2009;45(4):345–8.
13.
MatsuokaT, NaitoT, KubotaY, . Disseminated adenovirus (type 19) infection in a neonate. Rapid detection of the infection by immunofluorescence. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1990;79(5):568–71.
14.
MontoneKT, FurthEE, PietraGG, GuptaPK. Neonatal adenovirus infection: A case report with in situ hybridization confirmation of ascending intrauterine infection. Diagn Cytopathol. 1995;12(4):341–4.
PiedraPA. Adenovirus in the neonatal intensive care unit: Formidable, forgotten foe. J Pediatr. 2005;146(4):447–8.
17.
FadenH, WynnRJ, CampagnaL, RyanRM. Outbreak of adenovirus type 30 in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Pediatr. 2005;146(4):523–7.
18.
BasergaMC JJ, KarpT, O’BrienE. Isolated bloody stools in the moderate to late premature infant, A benign process? Case report and survey. J Neonatol Clin Pediatr. 2015;2.
19.
Lynch 3rdJP, KajonAE. Adenovirus: Epidemiology, global spread of novel serotypes, and advances in treatment and prevention. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;37(4):586–602.
20.
TillerH, HusebekkA, AhlenMT, StugeTB, SkogenB. Current perspectives on fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia - increasing clinical concerns and new treatment opportunities. Int J Womens Health. 2017;9:223–34.
