Plants synthesize large amount of useful and complex products which have no obvious metabolic and growth functions. These complex materials are said to be as secondary metabolites—phytochemicals which are plants active compounds possessing the potential to inhibit diseases. The purpose of the recent study was to investigate the pharmaceutical values of the flowers of Taraxacum officinale, for antimicrobial, anti-pellicle and anti-biofilm properties. Metanolic extracts with chloroform and n-hexane fractions against selected different bacterial (E.coli, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, S.typhi) and fungal (F.oxysporum, A.niger, A.alternata, A.Terreus) strains were tested and GC-MS, FTIR and HPLC techniques, for detection of various secondary metabolites which are responsible for these activities, were performed. In antimicrobial assay, the result of the methanolic extract and fractions of the flowers was found to be effective against the tested bacterial and fungal strains. The GC-MS and FTIR analysis of chloroform fractions of T. officinale flowers reported the presence of a wide range of phytochemicals and secondery metabolites liable for the biological activities that can be purified in future for the synthesis of noval improved and valuable pharmaceutical products.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
LewisW.H., Plants used medically by indigenous peoples, in Phytochemical resources for medicine and agriculture. 1992, Springer. p. 33–74.
2.
AdegokeA.A. and KomolafeA.O., Multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical cases in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria, International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences1(3) (2009), 068–072.
3.
AkinyosoyeF. and OladunmoyeM., Effect of extracts of Mirabilis Jalapa on some selected fungi, Nigerian Journal of Microbiology14(1) (2000), 91–94.
4.
SavychA., et al., Analysis of fatty acid composition content in the plant components of antidiabetic herbal mixture by GC-MS, Pharmacia68 (2021), 433.
PressJ., Biodiversity: exciting prospects for drug discovery and development, Chemtracts Organic Chemistry9 (1996), 286–298.
9.
EloffJ., Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants?Journal of Ethnopharmacology60(1) (1998), 1–8.
10.
TedescoI., et al., Antioxidant effect of red wine anthocyanins in normal and catalase-inactive human erythrocytes, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry12(9) (2001), 505–511.
11.
SavychA., MarchyshynS. and MilianI., Determination of carbohydrates in the herbal antidiabetic mixtures by GC-MC, Acta Pharmaceutica71(3) (2021), 429–443.
12.
JayaramanS.K., ManoharanM.S. and IllanchezianS., Antibacterial, antifungal and tumor cell suppression potential of Morinda citrifolia fruit extracts, International Journal of Integrative Biology3(1) (2008), 44–49.
13.
SavychA., et al., Determination of amino acids content in two samples of the plant mixtures by GC-MS, Pharmacia68 (2021), 283.
14.
DasS., et al., Biotechnology of medicinal plants-Recent advances and potential. Ist Edition, Vol II. 1999, UK992 Publications, Hyderabad.
15.
RabeT. and Van StadenJ., Antibacterial activity of South African plants used for medicinal purposes, Journal of Ethnopharmacology56(1) (1997), 81–87.
16.
KelmansonJ.E., JägerA.K. and van StadenJ., Zulu medicinal plants with antibacterial activity, Journal of Ethnopharmacology69(3) (2000), 241–246.
17.
ParekhJ. and ChandaS., In vitro antimicrobial activity of Trapa natans L. fruit rind extracted in different solvents, African Journal of Biotechnology6(6) (2007).
18.
HalliwellB., GutteridgeJ.M. and CrossC.E., Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: where are we now?The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine119(6) (1992), 598–620.
19.
FarombiE.O. and EmeroleG.O., Interference of common antimalarial drugs with some hepatic microsomal components and drug metabolism: potential implications for toxicity, South African Journal of Science94(6) (1998), 303.
20.
SavychA., et al., Determination of inulin in the herbal mixtures by GC-MS method, Pharmacia68(1) (2021), 181–187.
21.
MorleyT., Spring flora of Minnesota: including common cultivated plants. Spring flora of Minnesota: including common cultivated plants, 1969.
22.
QureshiS., et al., Beneficial uses of dandelion herb (Taraxacum officinale) in poultry nutrition, World’s Poultry Science Journal73(3) (2017), 591–602.
23.
González-CastejónM.,
VisioliF. and
Rodriguez-CasadoA., Diverse biological activities of dandelion, Nutrition Reviews70(9) (2012), 534–547.
24.
SavychA., et al., Analysis of inulin and fructans in Taraxacum officinale L. roots as the main inulin-containing component of antidiabetic herbal mixture, Pharmacia68 (2021), 527.
25.
YarnellE. and AbascalK., Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale and T. mongolicum), Integrative Medicine8(2) (2009), 35–38.
26.
GrausoL., et al., Metabolomics of the alimurgic plants Taraxacum officinale, Papaver rhoeas and Urtica dioica by combined NMR and GC–MS analysis, Phytochemical Analysis30(5) (2019), 535–546.
27.
IvanovI.G., Polyphenols content and antioxidant activities of Taraxacum officinale FH Wigg (dandelion) leaves, International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research6(4) (2014), 889–893.
28.
DíazK., et al., Isolation and identification of compounds from bioactive extracts of Taraxacum officinale Weber ex FH Wigg. (Dandelion) as a potential source of antibacterial agents, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine2018 (2018).
29.
IvanovI., et al., GC-MS characterization of n-hexane soluble fraction from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber ex FH Wigg.) aerial parts and its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C73(1–2) (2018), 41–47.
30.
JeonH.-J., et al., Anti-inflammatory activity of Taraxacum officinale, Journal of Ethnopharmacology115(1) (2008), 82–88.
31.
Râcz–KotillaE., RaczG. and SolomonA., The action of Taraxacum officinale extracts on the body weight and diuresis of laboratory animals, Planta Medica26(07) (1974), 212–217.
32.
HuberM., et al., Identification, quantification, spatiotemporal distribution and genetic variation of major latex secondary metabolites in the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg.), Phytochemistry115 (2015), 89–98.
33.
JassimA.K.M., FarhanS.A. and NooriO.M., Identification of dandelion Taraxacum officinale leaves components and study its extracts effect on different microorganisms, Al-Nahrain Journal of Science15(3) (2012), 7–14.
34.
HsounaA.B., et al., Chemical composition, cytotoxicity effect and antimicrobial activity of Ceratonia siliqua essential oil with preservative effects against Listeria inoculated in minced beef meat, International Journal of Food Microbiology148(1) (2011), 66–72.
35.
BrambillaL.Z., et al., Anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA and MSSA of neolignans and extract of Piper regnellii, Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia27(1) (2017), 112–117.
36.
KhanI., et al., Antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of leaves extracts of Mirabilis jalapa L. and Ajuga bracteosa wall. against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pure and Applied Biology (PAB)6(2) (2017), 605–613.
37.
HarveyA.L., Medicines from nature: are natural products still relevant to drug discovery?Trends in Pharmacological Sciences20(5) (1999), 196–198.
38.
AsghariG., JalaliM. and SadoughiE., Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oil from the seeds of Artemisia aucheri Boiss, Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products7(1) (2012), 11.
39.
HuC. and KittsD., Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation, Phytomedicine12(8) (2005), 588–597.
40.
Abdel-RahimA., Mohammed-AliR. and Al-JaliZ., Effects of natural products on fungal growth and aflatoxin production in A. flavus and A. parasiticus. in The 3rd International conference of fungi, Cairo, Egypt. 2002.
41.
NamasivayamS.K.R. and RoyE.A., Anti biofilm effect of medicinal plant extracts against clinical isolate of biofilm of Escherichia coli, Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci5(2) (2013), 486–489.
42.
AnitaA. and RetnaA.M., Review on the medicinial plant-Aerva lanata, Asian J Biochem Pharm Res3 (2013), 215–24.
43.
ElaiyarajaA. and ChandramohanG., Comparative phytochemical profile of Indoneesiella echioides (L.) Nees leaves using GC-MS, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry5(6) (2016), 158.
44.
AhmadB. and AliJ., Physiochemical, minerals, phytochemical contents, antimicrobial activities evaluation and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves extracts, African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology7(7) (2013), 375–388.
