The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement structure of the Abbreviated Disability Inclusion Scale.
METHODS:
Exploratory factor analysis results indicated a two-factor measurement structure (disability inclusion climate and disability inclusion preparedness).
CONCLUSION:
Higher levels of disability inclusion were found to be associated with lower levels of employer stigma. The Abbreviated Disability Inclusion Scale can be used as part of an assessment battery in demand-side employment research for model testing, as well as an outcome measure in intervention research.
Atkins, D., &
Giusti, C. (2005). The confluence of poverty and disability, In
ArmbristerC. &
SmithK., (Eds.), The realities of poverty in Delaware 2003–2004. Dover, DE: Delaware Housing Coalition, pp. 6–8.
2.
Bezrukova, K.,
Jehn, K. A, &
Spell, C. S. (2012). Reviewing diversity training: Where we have been and where we should go. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(2), 207–227.
3.
Brostrand, H. L. (2006). Tilting at windmills: Changing attitudes toward people with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation, 72(1), 4.
4.
Burke, J.,
Bezyak, J.,
Fraser, R.,
Pete, J.,
Ditchman, &
Chan, F. (2013). Employers’ attitudes towards hiring and retaining people with disabilities: A review of the literature., Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counseling, 19(1), 21–38.
5.
Chan, F. (2018). Psychometric validation of the abbreviated, Employers’ Stigmatizing Attitudes toward People with Disabilities Scale. Richmond, Virginia: Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Employer Practices.
6.
Chan, F.,
Iwanaga, K.,
Umucu, E.,
Yaghmaian, R.,
Wu, J. R.,
Bengtson, K., &
Chen, X. (2017). Evidence-based practice and research utilization. In
TarvydasV. M. &
HartleyM. T., (Eds.), The professional practice of rehabilitation counselingNew York: Springer Publishing Company, pp. 359–380.
7.
Chan, F.,
Tansey, T. N.,
Chronister, J.,
McMahon, T. B.,
Iwanaga, K.,
Wu, J. R.,
Chen, X.,
Lee, B.,
Bengtson, K.,
Umucu, E.,
Flowers, S,
Moser, E. (2017). Rehabilitation counseling practice in state vocational rehabilitation and the effect of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA), Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 48(3), 20–28.
8.
Chan, F.,
Livneh, H.,
Pruett, S.,
Wang, C. C., &
Zheng, L. (2009). Societal attitudes toward disability: Concepts, measurements, and interventions. In
ChanF.,
CardosoE., &
ChronisterJ., (Eds.), Understanding psychosocial interventions for people with chronic illness and disability: A handbook for evidence-based rehabilitation health professionalsNew York: Springer, pp. 333–370.
9.
Chan, F.,
Strauser, D.,
Gervey, R., &
Lee, E. J. (2010). Introduction to demand-side factors related to employment of people with chronic illness and disability., Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 20407–41110.1007/s10926-010-9243-7.
10.
Chan, F.,
Strauser, D.,
Maher, P.,
Lee, E. J.,
Jones, R., &
Johnson, E. T. (2010). Demand-side factors related to employment of people with disabilities: A survey of employers in the Midwest region of the United States, Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 4412–419. 10.1007/s10926-010-9252-6.
11.
Costello, A. B., &
Osborne, J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis., Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 10(7), 1–9.
12.
Domzal, C.,
Houtenville, A., &
Sharma, R. (2008). Survey of employer perspectives on the employment of people with disabilities: Technical report. McLean, VA: Cheery Engineering Support Services.
Floyd, F. J., &
Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments, Psychological Assessment, 7, 286–299.
15.
Habeck, R.,
Hunt, A.,
Rachel, C. H.,
Kregel, J., &
Chan, F. (2010). Employee retention and integrated disability management practices as demand side factors, Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 4, 443–455. 10.1007/s10926-009-9225-9.
16.
Hall, J. P.,
Kurth, N. K., &
Hunt, S. L. (2013). Employment as a health determinant for working-age, dually-eligible people with disabilities, Disability and Health Journal, 6, 100–106.
17.
Hutcheson, G., &
Sofroniou, N. (1999). The multivariate social scientist: Introductory statistics using generalized linear models, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
18.
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity, Psychometrika, 39, 31–36.
19.
Kalinoski, Z. T.,
Steele-Johnson, D.,
Peyton, E. J.,
Leas, K. A.,
Steinke, J., &
Bowling, N. A. (2013). A meta-analytic evaluation of diversity training outcomes, Journal of Organizational behavior34(8), 1076–1104.
20.
Kulik, C. T., &
Roberson, L. (2008). Diversity initiative effectiveness: What organizations can (and cannot) expect from diversity recruitment, diversity training, and formal mentoring programs. In
BriefA., (Ed.), Diversity at work, (pp. 265–317) London UK: Cambridge Press.
21.
Livneh, H.,
Chan, F., &
Kaya, C., (2014). Stigma related to physical and sensory disabilities. In CorriganP. W. (Ed.), The stigma of disease and disability: Understanding causes and overcoming injustices (pp. 93–120). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
22.
Muller, V.,
Chiu, C.,
Tang, X.,
Eagle, D.,
Peebles, M.,
Iwanaga, K., &
Chan, F. (2017). Association of employment and health and well-being in people with fibromyalgia, Journal of Rehabilitation, 83(3), 37–43.
23.
Nunnally, J. C., &
Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
24.
Phillips, B. N.,
Deiches, J.,
Morrison, B.,
Chan, F., &
Bezyak, J. L. (2016). Disability diversity training in the workplace: Systematic review and future directions, Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 26(3), 264–275.
