The prevalence and nature of modified housing and assistive devices use among Americans with multiple sclerosis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with symptoms that lead to mobility restriction and functional limitations, and for many this results in an altered capacity to safely and independently function within their residence. Although assistive technology devices and residential modifications can significantly ameliorate the impact of limited mobility, little is known about their use and prevalence in the US. This article presents the first national assessment of the prevalence of residential assistive devices and modifications among Americans with MS. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of, and level of need for, housing modifications and devices among Americans with MS, the typical means of payment for these adaptations, and the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with their possession. METHODS: In order to achieve a representative national survey, a sample of 5082 adults with MS was randomly selected from the membership of the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis patient registry and selected chapters of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society in states in which the NARCOMS registry had lower representation. RESULTS: A relatively small number of changes made up the majority of the modifications and devices that people used or reported needing. Five of the six most prevalent modifications involved the bathroom. Changes to promote accessibility were primarily paid for the person with MS. Generally, people who reported greater degrees of mobility limitation or disability had an increased likelihood of having made housing modifications. CONCLUSION: Continued attention to the issue of accessible housing for Americans with MS is necessary, and there remains a significant and frequently unmet need for accessibility modifications and devices.