In this paper, we present some diverse points of view on the issue of the quantum brain.
The paper is structured in the form of opening statements by each of the co-authors followed by comments and critique presented by the other co-authors. The main focus of the discussion is on the interplay between the state of being alive and consciousness, both of which possess characteristics of quantum physical states.
BradingK. and Castellani, eds, Symmetries in Physics: Philosophical Reflections, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003.
2.
BrooksM., Is quantum physics behind your brain's ability to think?, New Scientist Feature (2015).
3.
BrownL.M. and CaoT.Y., Spontaneous breakdown of symmetry: Its rediscovery and integration into quantum field theory, Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences21 (1991), 211–235. doi:10.2307/27757663.
4.
ChalmersD.J., Facing up to the problem of consciousness, Journal of Consciousness Studies2(3) (1995), 200–219.
5.
ChalmersD.J., The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory, Oxford University Press, New York, 1996.
6.
ChalmersD.J., Moving forward on the problem of consciousness, Journal of Consciousness Studies4(1) (1997), 3–46.
7.
ChalmersD.J., Consciousness and its place in nature, in: Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Mind, StichS.P. and WarfieldT.A., eds, Blackwell, Malden, 2003, pp. 102–142.
8.
CocchiM. and CapezzaniL., Time & free will: Concepts & considerations, Scientific GOD Journal8(2) (2017), 164–166.
9.
CocchiM., GabrielliF., PessaE., PregnolatoM., TonelloL. and ZizziP., Major depression and bipolar disorder: The concept of symmetry breaking, NeuroQuantology10(4) (2012), 676–687. doi:10.14704/nq.2012.10.4.577.
10.
CocchiM., GabrielliF., TonelloL. and PregnolatoM., Interactome hypthesis of depression, NeuroQuantology4 (2010), 603–613.
11.
CocchiM., MinutoC., TonelloL., GabrielliF., BernroiderG., TuszynskiJ.A., CappelloF. and RasenickM., Linoleic acid: Is this the key that unlocks the quantum brain? Insights linking broken symmetries in molecular biology, mood disorders and personalistic emergentism, BMC Neurosci.18(1) (2017), 38. doi:10.1186/s12868-017-0356-1.
12.
CocchiM., TonelloL. and GabrielliF., The suicide attempt in an artificial neural network (self organizing map), J. Neurol. Psychol.4(2) (2016), 7.
13.
CocchiM., TonelloL., GabrielliF. and PregnolatoM., Consciousness and hallucinations: Molecular considerations and theoretical questions, NeuroQuantology1 (2011), 182–189.
14.
DerridaJ., The Gift of Death, University of Chicago Press, 1995.
15.
DonatiR.J., DwivediY., RobertsR.C., ConleyR.R., PandeyG.N. and RasenickM.M., Postmortem brain tissue of depressed suicides reveals increased Gs localization in lipid raft domains where it is less likely to activate adenylyl cyclase, J Neurosci.28 (2008), 3042–3050. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5713-07.2008.
16.
EngelG.S., CalhounT.R., ReadE.L., AhnT.K., MančalT., ChengY.C., BlankenshipR.E. and FlemingG.R., Evidence for wavelike energy transfer through quantum coherence in photosynthetic systems, Nature446 (2007), 782–786. doi:10.1038/nature05678.
17.
HameroffS. and PenroseR., Consciousness in the universe: A review of the ‘Orch OR’ theory, Phys. Life Rev.11(1) (2014), 39–78. doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2013.08.002.
18.
HeideggerM., Being and Time, John McQuarrie and Edward Robinson, trans., SCM Press, London, 1962.
19.
HeronD.S., ShinitzkyM., HershkowitzM. and SamuelD., Lipid fluidity markedly modulates the binding of serotonin to mouse brain membranes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.77 (1980), 7463–7467. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7463.
LangerS.K., An Introduction to Symbolic Logic, 3rd edn, Dover, New York, 1967.
22.
LeeR.E., Membrane engineering to rejuvenate the ageing brain, Can. Med. Assoc. J.132 (1985), 325–327.
23.
PenroseR., Shadows of the Mind, Vol. 4, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994.
24.
PenroseR., The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999.
25.
SatinoverJ., The Quantum Brain: The Search for Freedom and the Next Generation of Man, Wiley, New York, 2001.
26.
StappH.P., Quantum interactive dualism, Journal of Consciousness Studies12(11) (2005), 43–58.
27.
SudolK. and MannJ.J., Biomarkers of suicide attempt behavior: Towards a biological model of risk, Curr. Psychiatry Rep.19(6) (2017), 31. doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0781-y.
28.
TolédanoJ.C. and TolédanoP., The Landau Theory of Phase Transitions, World Scientific, Singapore, 1987.
29.
TonelloL. and CocchiM., The cell membrane: Is it a bridge from psychiatry to quantum consciousness?, NeuroQuantology1 (2010), 54–60.
30.
TonelloL., CocchiM., GabrielliF. and TuszynskiJ.A., On the possible quantum role of serotonin in consciousness, J. Integr. Neurosci.14(3) (2015), 295–308. doi:10.1142/S021963521550017X.