Due to the imbalanced energy consumption among nodes, some nodes die prematurely, which decreases the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks, especially many nodes and one Sink. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose an energy-efficient data gathering protocol in unequal clustered WSN utilizing fuzzy multiple criteria decision making called DGUCF. In DGUCF, nodes can be divided into unequal clusters to balance energy consumption in the network scenario with nodes of non-uniform distribution and heterogeneous energy. First, DGUCF adopts an intuitionistic fuzzy analytic process and hierarchical fuzzy integral to select cluster heads synthetically. Then, we propose a new cluster head competition radius that is fit for this network scenario. In succession, to balance energy consumption, each cluster head transmits data packets over the next hop cluster heads in proportion to their residual energy. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the DGUCF protocol can balance energy consumption effectively, and the network lifetime can be prolonged.
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