The study in this paper compares three permanent magnet (PM) brushless AC machine topologies with external rotor configuration, which are attractive for in-wheel electric drive applications. All machines use the same stator but have different rotor geometries: a conventional surface PM structure, a surface quasi-Halbach PM array structure, and an interior V-shaped PM structure. For these topologies, the volume of the PM material is the same. A numerical simulation based on finite element analysis was carried out for the three cases to evaluate and compare their behaviour in terms of torque density, magnetic flux density, and torque ripple.
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