The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of coaxial line may suffer the invasion of lightning current during the process of transferring microwave signal, which would damage the electronic equipment and then deteriorate the quality of transmission. First, the theories of transmission line and quarter-wave short circuit are analyzed. Second, by utilizing the simulation tool and vector network analyzer, this paper evaluates the analytical and experimental S21 parameters of protective devices to ensure the normal signal transmission. Finally, the simulated lightning currents generated from combined wave generator (1.2/50 μs, 8/20 μs) are also applied to the impact experiment. The simulation results are summarized as follows: quarter-wave short circuit with wavelength of 1/4λ shows high resistance to the lightning and does not affect the signal transmission; the residual voltage and current positively correlate with the impulse voltage magnifying from 0.2 to 5 kV and are suppressed in low ranges. The proposed method provides effective lightning protection in the application of signal transmission.
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