Abstract
This paper presents shape optimization of patch antennas loaded by the Cockcroft-Walton (CW) circuit for UHF-band passive RFID tags. In the present optimization, the antenna characteristics are analyzed by hybridization of the finite-difference time-domain method and modified nodal method. To accelerate the convergence to the steady state, the unknowns are decomposed into the fast and slowly convergence components, which are separately determined. The shape of patch antennas is optimized by using the micro genetic algorithm in order to maximize the output voltage of the CW circuit and obtain high robustness against the shape changes. The optimized antenna has higher output voltage of the CW circuit in comparison with the half-wave patch antenna.
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