Reconstructing Turing’s “paper machine” 1

Bell, A.G. (1978). The machine plays chess?, esp. Ch. 3, The Paper Machines, pp. 12–23. Pergamon.

Bowden, B.V. (Ed.) (1953). Faster than thought, esp. pp. 288–295 for Turing’s contribution on chess in Chapter 25. Pitman, London. See also https://archive.org/details/FasterThanThought.

Champernowne, D. (1980). Letter. Computer Chess, pp. 80–81.

Chessbase (2017). This article plus an opportunity to play through the Turochamp–Glennie game and to download the Chessbase Turing engine. https://en.chessbase.com/post/reconstructing-turing-s-paper-machine.

Copeland, J. (2004). The essential turing, esp. Chapter 16, p. 564, footnote 6 on Champernowne.

CPW (2017). http://tinyurl.com/icga033. The Ferranti industrialised ‘Mark 1’ version of the Manchester Mark 1 computer.

Google (2017). Scan of Turing’s ‘Digital Computers applied to Games’ contribution to Bowden’s Faster than thought. https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0xb4crOvCgTNmEtRXFBQUIxQWs/edit.

Kasparov, G. & Friedel, F. (2012). Garry Kasparov’s lecture at the Alan Turing Centenary conference, Manchester, UK, June 25^th. https://tinyurl.com/icga038.

Kasparov, G. & Friedel, F. (2017). Reconstructing Turing’s “paper machine”. EasyChair Preprint No. 3, https://easychair.org/publications/preprint_open/WjKW.

Levy, D. (1988). Computer chess compendium, esp. pp. 14–17. B.T. Batsford. The standard reprint of Turing’s article “Chess”, first published in Bowden’s Faster than Thought.

Levy, D. & Newborn, M. (1991). How computers play chess, pp. 34–38. W.H. Freeman.

Manchester University (2017). Manchester University’s curated website on Computer History: the Ferranti Mark 1 Console. http://curation.cs.manchester.ac.uk/computer50/www.computer50.org/-mark1/ip-fm1.controls.html.

‘melamelachan’ (2017). http://tinyurl.com/icga032. Turing’s “Round the Houses Chess”.

Newborn, M. (1975). Computer chess, esp. pp. 15–18. Academic Press.