Sympathetic denervation and impaired angiogenesis cause skin diseases. However, the relationship between the sympathetic nervous system and vascular cell turnover in normal skin remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the effects of sympathetic denervation on vascular cell turnover in normal skin.
METHODS:
Rats underwent bilateral L2–4 sympathetic trunk resection (sympathectomy group) or sham operation (control). Hindfoot plantar skin was analyzed 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively.
RESULTS:
Mural cell marker (α-smooth muscle actin; p < 0.001, and desmin; p = 0.047) expression decreased 2 weeks after sympathectomy, but recovered 3 months after sympathectomy (p > 0.05). CD31 levels were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at 2 weeks (p = 0.009), but not at 3 months. Von Willebrand factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and angiopoietin-2 expression were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). Angiopoietin-1 expression levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 2 weeks (p = 0.035), but not at 3 months.
CONCLUSIONS:
Lumbar sympathectomy regulates vascular cell turnover in rat hindfoot plantar skin by inhibiting mural cell proliferation and increasing angiopoietin-1 expression. Sympathetic nerves therefore play an important role in plantar skin vascular cell turnover.
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