The objective of this study was to explore the prognostic value of in situ memory T cells and patterns of invasion (POI) in early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
METHODS:
One hundred fifty-seven patients with early stage (cT1T2N0) OSCC were identified from a pre-existing database of patients with oral cancer and were classified by POI according to hematoxylin-eosin staining. We examined the impact of the immunohistochemical expression of CD45RO in OSCC. Overall survival (OS) curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
RESULTS:
Margin status was significantly associated with local recurrence in early stage OSCC (p= 0.000), and depth of invasion was also associated with regional recurrence (2 mm: p= 0.034; 4 mm: p= 0.015). The expression of CD45RO(p= 0.021) and POI (p= 0.027) individually was associated with OS, and patients in the group with combination score tended to have worse OS (p= 0.012).
CONCLUSION:
Combined evaluation of POI and CD45RO might prove to be a useful indicator for high-risk patients with occult metastases from early stage OSCC.
FanS, TangQL, LinYJ, ChenWJ, LiJS, et al. (2011) A review of clinical and histological parameters associated with contralateral neck metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Sci3: 180-191.
2.
HicksWL Jr, NorthJH Jr, LoreeTR, MaamounS, MullinsA, et al. (1998) Surgery as a single modality therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. Am J Otolaryngol19: 24-28.
3.
YuenAP, LamKY, ChanAC, WeiWI, LamLK, et al. (1999) Clinicopathological analysis of elective neck dissection for N0 neck of early oral tongue carcinoma. Am J Surg177: 90-92.
4.
SessionsDG, SpectorGJ, LenoxJ, HaugheyB, ChaoC, et al. (2002) Analysis of treatment results for oral tongue cancer. Laryngoscope112: 616-625.
5.
GanlyI, PatelS and ShahJ. (2012) Early Stage Squamous Cell Cancer of the Oral Tongue-Clinicopathologic Features Affecting Outcome. Cancer118(1): 101-111.
6.
LockerGY, HamiltonS, HarrisJ, JessupJM, KemenyN, et al. (2006) ASCO 2006 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancer. J Clin Oncol24: 5313-5327.
7.
JakobssonPA, EnerothCM, KillanderD, MobergerG and MartenssonB. (1973) Histological classification grading of malignancy in carcinoma of larynx. Acta Radiol Ther Phys Biol12(1): 1-8.
8.
BryneM, KoppangHS, LillengR, SteneT, BangG and DabelsteenE. (1989) New malignancy grading is a better prognostic indicator than Broders' grading in oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Oral Pathol Med18(8): 432-437.
9.
FanHX, ChenY, NiBX, WangS, SunM, et al. (2015) Expression of MMP-1/PAR-1 and patterns of invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma as potential prognostic markers. Onco Targets Ther18: 1619-1626.
10.
WangS, SunM, GuC, WangX, ChenD, et al. (2014) Expression of CD163, interleukin-10, and interferon-gamma in oral squmaous cell carcinoma: Mutual relationships and prognositic implicatios. Eur J Oral Sci122(3): 202-209.
11.
GalonJ, MlecnikB, BindeaG, AngellHK, BergerA, et al. (2014) Towards the introduction of the 'Immunoscore' in the classification of malignant tumours. J Pathol232(2): 199-209.
12.
GalonJ, FridmanWH and PagesF. (2007) The adaptive immunologic microenvironment in colorectal cancer: A novel perspective. Cancer Res67: 1883-1886.
13.
AngellHK and GalonJ. (2013) From the immune contexture to the Immunoscore: The role of prognostic and predictive immune markers in cancer. Curr Opin Immunol25: 261-267.
14.
FridmanWH, PagesF, Sautes-FridmanC and GalonJ. (2012) The immune contexture in human tumours: Impact on clinical outcome. Nat Rev Cancer12: 298-306.
15.
YamadaS, YanamotoS, NaruseT, MatsushitaY, TakahashiH, et al. (2016) Skp2 Regulates the Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and Enhances the Invasion Potential of OralSquamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res22(3): 625-632.
16.
MinicAJ. (1992) Significance of intratumoral leukocytes in the local immune reaction in squamous cell carcinoma of the lowerlip. Srp Arb Celok Lek120(11-12): 332-335.
17.
FakihAR, RaoRS, BorgesAM and PatelAR. (1989) Elective versus therapeutic neck dissection in early carcinoma of the oral tongue. Am J Surg158: 309-313.
18.
NakagawaT, ShibuyaH, YoshimuraR, MiuraM, OkadaN, et al. (2003) Neck node metastasis after successful brachytherapy for early stage tongue carcinoma. Radiother Oncol68: 129-135.
19.
SparanoA, WeinsteinG, ChalianA, YodulM and WeberR. (2000) Multivariate predictors of occult neck metastasis in early oral tongue cancer. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg122: 139-142.
20.
Keski-SanttiH, AtulaT, TikkaJ, HollmenJ, MakitieAA and LeivoI. (2007) Predictive value of histopathologic parameters in early squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue. Oral Oncol43: 1007-1013.
21.
GanlyI, PatelS and ShahJ. (2012) Early Stage Squamous Cell Cancer of the Oral Tongue-Clinicopathologic Features Affecting Outcome. Cancer118(1): 101-111.
22.
SallustoF, GeginatJ and LanzavecchiaA. (2004) Central memory and effector memory T cell subsets: Function, generation, and maintenance. Annu Rev Immunol22: 745-763.
23.
TsavellasG, PatelH and Allen-MershTG. (2001) Detection and clinical significance of occult tumour cells in colorectal cancer. Br J Surg88: 1307-1320.
24.
ZachO and LutzD. (2006) Tumor cell detection in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Curr Opin Oncol18: 48-56.
25.
PagesF, KirilovskyA, MlecnikB, AsslaberM, TosoliniM, et al. (2009) In situ cytotoxic and memory T cells predict outcome in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol27: 5944-5951.
