Systematic repetition postures adopted during trainings could generate alterations in the sagittal spinal curvatures.
OBJECTIVE:
The purposes were: 1) to analyse the sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in Latin American style dancers; 2) to compare the spinal sagittal mobility and hamstring muscle extensibility between Latin American style dancers and non-dancers; and 3) to evaluate the influence of wearing dance shoes upon the sagittal spine posture in standing.
METHODS:
A total of 20 Latin American style professional dancers and 20 non-dancers (control group) were evaluated during standing, relaxed sitting, maximal trunk flexion with knees flexed and extended, lying prone, and maximal trunk extension. Additionally, dancers were analysed while standing barefoot, and wearing heeled-shoes, during forward walking and the paso-doble posture. The hamstring muscle extensibility was evaluated by the active knee extension test.
RESULTS:
The spinal morphology in Latin American style professional dancers is characterised by lower thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt in the standing posture as well as a flexible spine, especially in flexion postures, in addition to suitable hamstring muscle extensibility.
CONCLUSIONS:
The spinal morphology of Latin American style professional dancers is characterised by lower thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt in the standing posture as well as a flexible spine, especially in flexion postures, and suitable hamstring muscle extensibility.
BriaS, BiancoM, GalvaniC, PalmieriV, ZeppilliP and FainaM. Physiological characteristics of elite sport-dancers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2011; 51(2): 194-203.
2.
HincapiéCA, MortonEJ and CassidyJD. Musculoskeletal injuries and pain in dancers: A systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008; 89(9): 1819-1829.
3.
WojtysEM, Ashton-MillerJA, HustonLJ and MogaPJ. The association between athletic training time and the sagittal curvature of the immature spine. Am J Sports Med. 2000; 28(4): 490-498.
4.
BeachTA, ParkinsonRJ, StothartJP and CallaghanJP. Effects of prolonged sitting on the passive flexion stiffness of the in vivo lumbar spine. Spine Journal. 2005; 5(2): 145-154.
5.
SolomonowM, ZhouBH, BarattaRV and BurgerE. Biomechanics and electromyography of a cumulative lumbar disorder: Response to static flexion. Clin Biomech. 2003; 18(10): 890-898.
6.
WilkeHJ, NeefP, CaimiM, HooglandT and ClaesLE. New in vivo measurements of pressures in the intervertebral disc in daily life. 1999; 24(8): 755-762.
7.
RajabiR, DohertyP, GoodarziM and HemayattalabR. Comparison of thoracic kyphosis in two groups of elite Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestlers and a group of non-athletic participants. Br J Sports Med. 2008; 42(3): 229-232.
8.
AlricssonM and WernerS. Young elite cross-country skiers and low back pain - A 5-year study. Phys Ther Sport. 2006; 7(4): 181-184.
9.
MuyorJM, López-MiñarroPA and AlacidF. A comparison of the thoracic spine in the sagittal plane between elite cyclists and non-athlete subjects. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2011; 24(3): 129-135.
10.
López-MiñarroPA, MuyorJM and AlacidF. Sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in elite young kayakers. Med Sport. 2010; 63(4): 509-519.
GannonLM and BirdHA. The quantification of joint laxity in dancers and gymnasts. J Sports Sci. 1999; 17(9): 743-750.
13.
McCormackM, BriggsJ, HakimA and GrahameR. Joint laxity and the benign joint hypermobility syndrome in student and professional ballet dancers. J Rheumatol. 2004; 31(1): 173-178.
14.
NilssonC, WykmanA and LeandersonJ. Spinal sagittal mobility and joint laxity in young ballet dancers. A comparative study between first-year students at the Swedish Ballet School and a control group. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1993; 1(3-4): 206-208.
15.
Drzał-GrabiecJ and SnelaS. Effect of high-heeled shoes on the parameters of body posture. Spine. 2013; 38(20): 1785-1789.
16.
MoraesGF, MendesDP and PapinniAA. Shoes influence in women posture. Work. 2012; 41(Suppl 1): 2582-2587.
17.
SilvaAM, de SiqueiraGR and da SilvaGA. Implications of high-heeled shoes on body posture of adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2013; 31(2): 265-271.
18.
LevineD and WhittleMW. The effects of pelvic movement on lumbar lordosis in the standing position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1996; 24(3): 130-135.
19.
CongdonR, BohannonR and TiberioD. Intrinsic and imposed hamstring length influence posterior pelvic rotation during hip flexion. Clin Biomech. 2005; 20(9): 947-951.
20.
López-MiñarroPA and AlacidF. Influence of hamstring muscle flexibility on spinal curvatures in young athletes. Sci Sports. 2010; 25(4): 188-193.
21.
HarrissDJ and AtkinsonG. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2016 update. Int J Sports Med. 2015; 36(14): 1121-1124.
22.
GuermaziM, GhroubiS, KassisM, JaziriO, KeskesH, KessomtiniW, HammoudaIB and ElleuchMH. Validity and reliability of Spinal Mouse® to assess lumbar flexion. Ann Readap Med Phys. 2006; 49(4): 172-177.
23.
MannionAF, KnechtK, BalabanG, DvorakJ and GrobD. A new skin-surface device for measuring the curvature and global and segmental ranges of motion of the spine: Reliability of measurements and comparison with data reviewed from the literature. Eur Spine J. 2004; 13(2): 122-136.
24.
PostRB and LeferinkVJ. Spinal mobility: sagittal range of motion measured with the SpinalMouse, a new non-invasive device. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2004; 124(3): 187-192.
25.
NorrisCM and MatthewsM. Inter-tester reliability of a self-monitored active knee extension test. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2005; 9(4): 256-259.
26.
ShimonJM, DardenGF, MartinezR and Clouse-SnellJ. Initial reliability and validity of the lift-and-raise hamstring test. J Strength Cond Res. 2010; 24(2): 517-521.
27.
BohannonR, GajdosikR and LeVeauBF. Contribution of pelvic and lower limb motion to increases in the angle of passive straight leg raising. Phys Ther. 1985; 65(4): 474-476.
28.
SantonjaF, Sainz de BarandaP, Rodríguez-GarcíaPL, López-MiñarroPA and Canteras-JordanaM. Effects of frequency of static streching on straight-leg raise in elementary school children. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2007; 47(3): 304-308.
29.
McHughMP, JohnsonCD and MorrisonRH. The role of neural tension in hamstring flexibility. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2012; 22(2): 164-169.
30.
CohenJ. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral science. 2nd. Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1988.
31.
FaulF, ErdfelderE, LangAG and BuchnerA. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007; 39(2): 175.
32.
ThomasJS, CorcosDM and HasanZ. The influence of gender on spine, hip, knee, and ankle motions during a reaching task. J Mot Behav. 1998; 30(2): 98-103.
33.
FörsterR, PenkaG, BöslT and SchöfflVR. Climber's back-form and mobility of the thoracolumbar spine leading to postural adaptations in male high ability rock climbers. Int J Sports Med. 2009; 30(1): 53-59.
34.
MuyorJM, AlacidF, López-MiñarroPA and CasimiroAJ. Evolution of spinal morphology and pelvic tilt in cyclists of different ages. A cross sectional study. Int J Morphol. 2012; 30(1): 199-204.
35.
WodeckiP, GuiguiP, HanotelMC, CardinneL and DeburgeA. Sagittal alignment of the spine: comparison between soccer players and subjects without sports activities. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 2002; 88(4): 328-336.
36.
Lang-TapiaM, España-RomeroV, AneloJ and CastilloMJ. Differences on spinal curvature in standing position by gender, age and weight status using a noninvasive method. J Appl Biomech. 2011; 27(2): 143-150.
37.
HarrisonDE, CaillietR, HarrisonDD and JanikTJ. How do anterior/posterior translations of the thoracic cage affect the sagittal lumbar spine, pelvic tilt, and thoracic kyphosis? Eur Spine J. 2002; 11(3): 287-293.
38.
ChanplakornP, WongsakS, WoratanaratP, WajanavisitW and LaohacharoensombatW. Lumbopelvic alignment on standing lateral radiograph of adult volunteers and the classification in the sagittal alignment of lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2011; 20(5): 706-712.
39.
MuyorJM, AlacidF and López-MiñarroPA. Influence of hamstring muscles extensibility on spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in highly trained cyclists. J Hum Kinet. 2011; 29): 15-23.
40.
MuyorJM, AlacidF, Rodríguez-GarcíaPL and López-MiñarroPA. Influence of hamstring extensibility on sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic inclination in athletes. Int J Morphol. 2012; 30(1): 176-181.
41.
MuyorJM, López-MiñarroPA and AlacidF. The relationship between hamstring muscle extensibility and spinal postures varies with the degree of knee extension. J Appl Biomech. 2013; 29(6): 678-686.
42.
MuyorJM, VaqueroR, AlacidF and López-MiñarroPA. Criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach and toe-touch tests as a measure of hamstring extensibility in athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2014; 28(2): 546-555.
43.
HedmanTP and FernieGR. Mechanical response of the lumbar spine to seated postural loads. Spine. 1997; 22(7): 734-743.
44.
EsolaMA, McClurePW, FitzgeraldGK and SieglerS. Analysis of lumbar spine and hip motion during forward bending in subjects with and without a history of low back pain. Spine. 1996; 21(1): 71-78.
