Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Accumulation of cholesterol and other atherogenic lipids such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in artery wall causes reduction of vessel diameter and artery stenosis. The study of the mass transfer of these large molecules in the wall with considering effective factors on lumen flow and different physiological factors is the subject considered nowadays. In this paper, results of two dimensional and axi-symmetric simulations of three different models of the artery with 60% stenosis under pulsatile blood flow are presented. Filtration velocity of LDL mass transport in the permeable artery wall and shear stress of blood flow are investigated using ADINA software Three different flow models are considered. In the first and second models, the filtration velocity considered as a given parameter and constant in arterial wall boundary, while in third model arterial wall considered as porous wall, the filtration velocity is calculated from pressure difference as an input parameter of the model. The results show that filtration velocity is strongly depend on geometry and it is not constant along the wall, contrary to simplified models. The results of concentration variations in lumen and wall illustrate the increase in near wall LDL concentration or concentration polarization.

Keywords

Low-density lipoprotein transport arterial wall fluid-structure interaction filtration velocity porous media

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

study ECftaca, Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, American Medical Association 273 (1995), 1421–1428. doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520420037035.

Hobson

R.W.

Mackey

W.C.

Ascher

Murad

M.H.

Calligaro

K.D.

Comerota

A.J.

Montori

V.M.

Eskandari

M.K.

Massop

D.W.

Bush

R.L.

Lal

B.K.

and Perler

B.A.

, Management of atherosclerotic carotid artery disease: Clinical practice guidelines of the society for vascular surgery, Journal of vascular surgery: official publication, the Society for Vascular Surgery [and] International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter 48 (2008), 480–486.

Prosi

Zunino

Perktold

and Quarteroni

, Mathematical and numerical models for transfer of low-density lipoproteins through the arterial walls: A new methodology for the model set up with applications to the study of disturbed lumenal flow, Biomechanics 38 (2005), 903–917. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.04.024.

Fatouraee

Deng

De Champlain

and Guidoin

, Concentration polarization of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the artenal system, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 858 (1998), 137–146.

Nematollahi

Shirani

Mirzaee

and Sadeghi

M.R.

, Numerical simulation of LDL particles mass transport in human carotid artery under steady state conditions, Scientia Iranica 19 (2012), 519–524.

and Vafai

, A coupling model for macromolecule transport in a stenosed arterial wall, Heat and Mass Transfer 49 (2006), 1568–1591. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.10.041.

Yang

and Vafai

, Modeling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport in the artery – Effects of hypertension, Heat and Mass Transfer 49 (2006), 850–867. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.09.019.

Fatouraee

Deng

De Champlain

and Guidoin

, Numerical simulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport from flowing blood to the arterial wall in arterial stenoses, Biomechanical Engineering (1999).

Liao

Lee

T.S.

and Low

H.T.

, Numerical studies of physiological pulsatile flow through constricted tube, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow 14 (2004), 689–713. doi:10.1108/09615530410539991.

10.

Cho

Y.I.

and Kensey

K.R.

, Effects of the non-Newtonian viscosity of blood on flows in a diseased arterial vessel. Part 1: Steady flows, Biorheology 28 (1991), 241–262. doi:10.3233/BIR-1991-283-415.

11.

Johnston

B.M.

Johnston

P.R.

Corney

and Kilpatrick

, Non-Newtonian blood flow in human right coronary arteries: Steady state simulations, Journal of Biomechanics 37 (2004), 709–720. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.09.016.

12.

Wilens

S.L.

and McCluskey

R.T.

, The comparative filtration properties of excised arteries and veins, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 224 (1952), 540–547. doi:10.1097/00000441-195211000-00009.

13.

Valencia

and Villanueva

, Unsteady flow and mass transfer in models of stenotic arteries considering fluid-structure interaction, Heat and Mass Transfer 33 (2006), 966–975. doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2006.05.006.

14.

Tsai

S.F.

and Sheu

T.W.H.

, Finite-element analysis of incompressible Navier–Stokes equations involving exit pressure boundary conditions, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals 39 (2001), 479–507. doi:10.1080/104077901750188859.

15.

Khanafer

K.M.

Bull

J.L.

and Berguer

, Fluid-structure interaction of turbulent pulsatile flow within a flexible wall axisymmetric aortic aneurysm model, European Journal of Mechanics – B/Fluids 28 (2009), 88–102. doi:10.1016/j.euromechflu.2007.12.003.

16.

Bathe

K.J.

, Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics, Vol. 1, Elsevier Science, 2001.

17.

Kaviany

, Conduction heat transfer, in: Principles of Heat Transfer in Porous Media, Mechanical Engineering Series, Springer US, 1991, pp. 115–151. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-0412-8_3.

18.

Nield

D.A.

and Bejan

, Convection in Porous Media, Springer, 2006.

19.

Teng

and Zhao

T.S.

, An extension of Darcy’s law to non-Stokes flow in porous media, Chemical Engineering Science 55 (2000), 2727–2735. doi:10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00546-1.

20.

Britto

A.M.

and Gunn

M.J.

, Critical State Soil Mechanics Via Finite Elements, E. Horwood; Halsted Press, Chichester, West Sussex; New York, 1987.

21.

Johnson

J.S.

Dresner

and Kraus

K.A.

, Hyperfiltration, in: Principles of Desalination, Vol. 1, Academic Press, 1966, pp. 225–230.

22.

Fazli

Shirani

and Sadeghi

M.R.

, Numerical simulation of LDL mass transfer in a common carotid artery under pulsatile flows, Biomechanics 44 (2011), 68–76. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.08.025.

23.

Blackshear

P.L.

Bartel

K.W.

and Forstrom

R.J.

, Fluid Dynamic Factors Affecting Particle Capture and Retention, New York Academy of Science, New York, 1977.

Numerical simulation of low-density lipoprotein mass transport in human arterial stenosis – Calculation of the filtration velocity

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References