Abstract
The transmission of viral hepatitis type B (HBV) is of significant public health concern. The infection result depends on how well the virus interacts with the host and in particular, on the ability to respond inherently and adaptively to the humoral and cellular immunity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical, immunology and tracer status (viral). This study showed the relationship between the immune and chronic conditions of Iraqi patients who are chronic hepatitis virus B or HBV carriers. The study included (111) chronically-viral hepatitis type (b) and (112) hepatitis virus surface antigen type (b) healthy carriers from out of patients. The result of this study proved that a non-significant correlation was observed between cellular immune response (CD4 and CD8) among chronic hepatitis B patients. For CD8+ lymphocytes: there was a highly significant decrease (P<0.001) in the percentage means of the CD8+ cells in CHB patients, as compared with the carrier groups. For CD4+ lymphocytes: there was a slight decrease in the percentage of these lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the patients, as compared with the carrier groups, a non-significant importance was recorded between them. The percentage of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte CD8+ was significantly decreased in CHB patients as compared to the carrier group. One of the deciding factors for the form of infection, and the immune response, which developed in accordance with a number of other biochemical factors and genes is chronic hepatitis B immunopathogénesis and carrier condition with the level of cellular immunity.
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