Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have the advantages of high specificity and stable expression, while avian IgY antibodies provide a series of advantages such as less interference with non-specific proteins in immunoassays, and stronger IgY production against highly conserved mammalian antigens. Monoclonal IgY (mIgY) is a new antibody development that combines advantages of IgY and mAbs. mIgY has great potential for immunological detection and diagnosis, for screening and validating biomarkers and drug targets, and for the production of Abs against conserved mammalian proteins. mIgY can be developed by hybridoma technology or phage display technology. However, the hybridoma technology is difficult in the chicken system due to the lack of a robust fusion partner. mIgY can be developed into Ab fragments, chimeric Abs and humanised Abs. The most successful examples are a series of anti-prion mIgY which demonstrate improved Ab titre and specificity.
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