A superior method of synthesis of condensed imidazoles by the catalytic action of H–Y zeolite on the reaction of 1,2-diaminoaromatics with orthoesters is described.
References
1.
(a) HölljesE.L.Jr., and WagnerE. C., J. Org. Chem., 1944, 9, 31
2.
FriedrichW., and BernhauerK., Ber., 1956, 89, 814
3.
GrendaV.J., JonesR. E., GalG., and SletzingerM., J. Org. Chem., 1965, 30, 259
4.
GraboyesH., and DayA. R., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 6421
5.
FerrisJ.P., and AntonuciF. R., Chem. Commun., 1972, 126.
6.
StanovnikB., and TislerM., Synthesis, 1974, 2, 120
7.
VillemanD., HammadiM., and MartinB., Synth. Commun., 1996, 26, 2895.
8.
IsraelM., and DayA. R., J. Org. Chem., 1959, 24, 1455 and references cited therein.
9.
(a) ClarkJ.H., and MacquarrieD. J., J. Chem. Rev., 1996, 303.
10.
EspeelP.H., JanssensB., and JacobsP. A., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 7688
11.
HolderichW.F., and HeitmannE., Catal. Today, 1997, 353.
12.
(a) HolderichW.F., and van BekkumH., Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1991, 58, 631