A century ago, a two-part review by W.C. McC. Lewis entitled “The Structure of Matter” appeared in this journal, surveying the achievements that had been made to date in that field. Topics included the value of Avogadro's constant, the dimensions of a molecule, equations of state for non-ideal gases, then-current theories relating electron configurations to the Periodic Law, the then-new nuclear atom model of Rutherford, and the first findings from X-ray crystallographic studies of matter, a field then in its nascent phase. This article is a sequel to that work. As a vast quantity of research has been addressed to the topic in the intervening period, the view presented here can at best be selective and idiosyncratic. Nonetheless, it attempts to capture some of the important strides in ‘matter science’, broadly defined, over the past century, highlight some recent areas of interest or novelty, and give a picture of some of the mysteries that remain.
DaudelR., BrionH. and OdiotS. (1955) J. Chem. Phys., 23, 2080.
16.
BaderR.F.W. (1989) The physical basis of the Lewis electron pair model. In: MaruaniJ. (ed.), Electronic structure and chemical reactivity, of molecules in physics, chemistry, and biology, pp. 73–92. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
17.
BaderR.F.W., GillespieR.J. and MacDougallP.J. (1989) The Laplacian of the charge density - the physical basis of the VSEPR model. In: LiebmanJ.F. and GreenbergA. (eds), Molecular structure and energetics, vol. 11, p. 1. VCH Publishers, Florida.
18.
HartreeD.R. (1928) Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 24, 89.
19.
BornM. and OppenheimerJ.R. (1927) Ann. Phys., 64, 457.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (2014) Vapor phase infrared spectral library. http://nwir.pnl.gov [accessed 23 January 2017].
22.
HalpernA.M. and GlendeningE.D. (2001) Chem. Phys. Letters, 333, 391.
23.
KorschH.J. and GlückM. (2002) Eur. J. Phys., 23, 413.
24.
WoolleyR.G. (1978) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 100, 1073–1078.
25.
SutcliffeB.T. (1990) The concept of molecular structure, In: MaksicZ.B. (ed.), Atomic hypothesis and the concept of molecular structure, pp. 1–28. Springer, Berlin.
GharekhanlouB. and KhorasaniS. (2011) An overview of tight-binding method for two-dimensional carbon structures. In: XuZ. (ed.), Graphene: properties, synthesis and applications, pp. 1–36. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Hauppauge, New York.
44.
SakamotoK., NishinaN., EnokiT. and AiharaJ. (2014) J. Phys. Chem. A, 118, 3014–3025.
HeiskanenH.P., ManninenM. and AkolaJ. (2008) New J. Phys., 10, 103015.
47.
PaulingL. (1931) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 53, 1367–1400.
48.
PaulingL. (1931) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 53, 3225–3237.
49.
PaulingL. (1932) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 54, 988–1003.
50.
PaulingL. (1932) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 54, 3570–82.
51.
PaulingL. and ShermanJ. (1933) J. Chem. Phys., 1, 606–617.
52.
PaulingL. and ShermanJ. (1933) J. Chem. Phys., 1, 679–686.
53.
PaulingL. and WhelandG.W. (1933) J. Chem. Phys., 1, 362–374.
54.
HoneggerE. and HeilbronnerE. (1991) The equivalent bond orbital model and the interpretation of PE spectra. In: MaksicZ.B. (ed.), Theoretical models of chemical bonding, Vol. 3, pp. 100–151. Springer Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg.
55.
ShaikS. and HibertyP.C. (2008) A chemist's guide to valence bond theory.Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
56.
HeitlerW. and LondonF. (1927) Z. Phys., 44, 455.
57.
HeisenbergW. (1926) Z. Phys., 38, 411.
58.
WhelandG.W. (1955) Resonance in organic chemistry.John Wiley & Sons, New York.
59.
GavrogluK. and SimõesA. (2012) HYLE – Int. J. Philos. Chem., 18, 45–68.
60.
GavrogluK. and SimõesA. (2012) Neither physics nor chemistry: a history of quantum chemistry.MIT Press, Cambridge, MA and London.
HallG.G. (1951) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 205, 541.
68.
PopleJ.A. (1999) Rev. Mod. Phys., 71, 1267–1274.
69.
KohnW. (1999) Rev. Mod. Phys., 71, 1253–1266.
70.
BoysS.F. (1950) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 200, 542.
71.
AtkinsP.W. and FriedmanR. (2005) Molecular quantum mechanics, 4th ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
72.
LewarsE. (2004) Computational chemistry: introduction to the theory and applications of molecular and quantum mechanics.Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
73.
XiaJ., HuangC., ShinI. and CarterE.A. (2012) J. Chem. Phys., 136, 084102.
74.
HohenbergP. and KohnW. (1964) Phys. Rev., 136, B864.
75.
KohnW. and ShamL.J. (1965) Phys. Rev., 140, A1133–A1138.
RiplingerC., SandhoeferB., HansenA. and NeeseF. (2013) J. Chem. Phys., 139, 134101.
82.
SuomivoriC.-M., WinterN.O.C., HättigC., (2016) J. Chem. Theory Comput., 12, 2644–2651.
83.
FeynmanR.P. (1982) Int. J. Theor. Phys., 21, 467–488.
84.
DeutschD. and JozsaR. (1992) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 439, 553–558.
85.
ShorP.W. (1994) Algorithms for quantum computation: discrete logarithms and factoring. In: GoldwasserS. (ed.), Proceedings of the 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, p. 124. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, California.
86.
FoxM. (2006) Quantum optics: an introduction.Oxford University Press, Oxford.
87.
Aspuru-GuzikA., DutoiA.D., LoveP.J. and Head-GordonM. (2005) Science, 309, 1704–1707.
BarklaC. (1905) Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 204, 467.
96.
WienW. (1907) Göttinger Nachr., 598–601.
97.
FriedrichW. and KnippingP. (1912) Sitz. Ber. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., 311–322.
98.
EckertM. (2012) Ann. Phys. (Berlin), 524, A83
99.
BraggW.L. (1912) Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., XVII, 43–57.
100.
BraggW.H. and BraggW.L. (1913) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 88, 428–438.
101.
PellegriniC., MarinelliA. and ReicheS. (2016) Rev. Mod. Phys., 88, 015006.
102.
De GraefM. and McHenryM.E. (2007) Structure of materials – an introduction to crystallography, diffraction, and symmetry.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
103.
PattersonA.L. (1934) Phys. Rev., 45, 763A.
104.
PattersonA.L. (1935) Z. für Kristallographie, 90, 517.
105.
TaylorG. (2003) Acta Cryst., D39, 1881–1890.
106.
BeeversC.A. and LipsonH. (1934) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 146, 570–582.
107.
GarmanE. and MurrayJ.W. (2003) Acta Cryst., D59, 1903–1913.
108.
BeckT., KrasauskasA., GrueneT. and SheldrickG.M. (2008) Acta Cryst., D64, 1179–1182.
109.
RossmannM.G. and BlowD.M. (1962) Acta Cryst., 15, 24–31.
110.
RossmannM.G. (1990) Acta Cryst., A46, 73–82.
111.
FletterickR.J. and SteitzT.A. (1976) Acta Cryst., A32, 125–132.
CoxE.G., CruickshankD.W.J. and SmithJ.A.S. (1958) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 247, 1–21.
127.
LangsethA. and StoichefB.P. (1956) Can. J. Phys., 34, 350.
128.
SchrödingerE. (1944) What is life?Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
129.
DronamrajuK.R. (1999) Genetics, 153, 1071–1076.
130.
TuringA. (1936–37) Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., S2–42, 230–265.
131.
BrennerS. (2012) Nature, 482, 461.
132.
WitzanyG. and BaluškaF. (2012) EMBO Reports, 13, 1054–1056.
133.
PerutzM. (1987) Erwin Schrödinger's What is life? and molecular biology. In: KilmisterC.W. (ed.), Schrödinger: centenary celebration of a polymath, pp 234–251. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
134.
PaulingL. (1987) Schrödinger's contribution to chemistry and biology, In: KilmisterC.W. (ed.), Schrödinger: centenary celebration of a polymath, pp 225–233. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
135.
AveryO.T., MacLeodC.M. and McCartyM. (1944) J. Exp. Med., 79, 137–158.
OhnishiT., KuboT., KusakaK., (2008) J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 77, 083201.
179.
AdamianG.G., AntonenkoN.V. and SargsyanV. V. (2009) Phys. Rev. C, 79, 054608.
180.
RafelskiJ., KirschJ., MüllerB., (2017) Probing QED vacuum with heavy ions. In: SchrammS. and SchäferM. (eds), New horizons in fundamental physics, pp. 211–251. Springer, Berlin.
LambW.E. and RetherfordR.C. (1947) Phys. Rev., 72, 241–243.
235.
MohrP.J., TaylorB.N. and NewellD.B. (2011) The 2010 CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants (web version 6.0). http://physics.nist.gov/constants [accessed 26 January 2017].
