Abstract
Abstract
We examined the relationship between the nephrotoxicity potential of four aminoglycosides and the capacity of the drugs to induce a renal cortical phospholipidosis. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with neomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, or netilmicin, 100 mg/kg per day, for 1 to 4 days, and phospholipid accumulation in the renal cortex and phospholipid excretion in the urine were measured. The rank order of the drug-induced renal cortical phospholipidosis was netilmicin > tobramycin > gentamicin > neomycin. This order is the reverse of the previously established nephrotoxicity potentials of these drugs. Conversely, the rank order according to peak urinary excretion of phospholipids was gentamicin > neomycin > tobramycin > netilmicin. The rank order of the total urinary phospholipid excretion during the 4 days of the study was neomycin ≥ gentamicin > tobramycin ≥ netilmicin. Urinary phospholipid excretion may prove to be a sensitive indicator of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.
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