The importance of a robust transport and land use development policy is widely recognized because the economy and population growth are subject to uncertainty. This study incorporated recourse considerations into the formulation of transport supply and demand management strategies that could be implemented adaptively over time as the uncertain phenomena were gradually revealed. The formulation took the form of a multistage stochastic program with equilibrium constraints and the planning horizon was divided into stages. A numerical example was constructed to illustrate and evaluate the additional benefits of this adaptive approach under demand uncertainty compared with the traditional deterministic approach.
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