Three treatments are combined in the design of evacuation network operating plans: reversing lanes, eliminating intersection crossings, and reserving lanes for use by emergency vehicles. An optimization approach is taken and casts the problem as a form of discrete network design, with constraints imposed by emergency vehicle lane assignment. What have previously been separate strands of work examining ways of configuring road networks for effective evacuation performance are integrated. A case study for a network around a nuclear power plant illustrates the usefulness of this integrated approach.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
UrbinaE. and WolshonB.National Review of Hurricane Evacuation Plans and Policies: A Comparison and Contrast of State Practices. Transportation Research, Part A, Vol. 37, No. 32003, pp. 257–275.
2.
TuydesH. and ZiliaskopoulosA.Tabu-Based Heuristic Approach for Optimization of Network Evacuation Contraflow. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1964, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2006, pp. 157–168.
3.
ShekharS. and KimS.Contraflow Transportation Network Reconfiguration for Evacuation Route Planning.CTS Project Report, Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul, Minn., 2006.
4.
MengQ.KhooH. L. and CheuR. L.Microscopic Traffic Simulation Model-Based Optimization Approach for the Contraflow Lane Configuration Problem. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 134, No. 12008, pp. 41–49.
5.
CovaT. J. and JohnsonJ. P.A Network Flow Model for Lane-Based Evacuation Routing. Transportation Research, Part A, Vol. 37, No. 72003, pp. 579–604.
6.
KalafarasG. and PeetaS.Planning for Evacuation: Insights from an Efficient Network Design Model. Journal of Infrastructure Systems: Special Issue on Infrastructure Planning, Design, and Management for Big Events, Vol. 15, No. 12009, pp. 21–30.
7.
SivanandanR.HobeikaA. G. and LockwoodP. B.A Heuristic Shortest-Path Method for Emergency Vehicle Assignment—A Study on the Mexico City Network. In Transportation Research Record 1168, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1988, pp. 86–91.
8.
Holgíun-VerasJ.PérezN.UkkusuriS. V.WachtendorfT. and BrownB.Emergency Logistics Issues Affecting the Response to Katrina: A Synthesis and Preliminary Suggestions for Improvement. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2022, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2007, pp. 76–82.
9.
MaherM. J.SAM: A Stochastic Assignment Model. In Mathematics in Transport Planning and Control (GriffithsJ. D., ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1992.
10.
MaherM. J. and HughesP. C.A Probit-Based Stochastic User Equilibrium Assignment Model. Transportation Research, Part B, Vol. 31, No. 41997, pp. 341–355.
11.
SheffiY. and PowellW. B.An Algorithm for Equilibrium Assignment Problem with Random Link Times. Networks, Vol. 12, No. 21982, pp. 191–207.
12.
XieC. Evacuation Network Optimization: Models, Solution Methods, and Applications. PhD thesis. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 2008.
13.
WolshonB.One-Way-Out: Contraflow Freeway Operation for Hurricane Evacuation. Natural Hazards Review, Vol. 2, No. 32001, pp. 105–112.
14.
MaherM. J. and HughesP. C.A Probit-Based Stochastic User Equilibrium Assignment Model. Transportation Research, Part B, Vol. 31, No. 41997, pp. 341–355.
15.
Hamza-LupG. L.HuaK. A. and PengR.Leveraging E-Transportation in Real-Time Traffic Evacuation Management. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Vol. 6, No. 42007, pp. 413–424.
16.
GoldblattR. B. and WeinischK.Evacuation Planning, Human Factors, and Traffic Engineering: Developing Systems for Training and Effective Response. TR News, No. 238, May–June 2005, pp. 13–17.
17.
SouthworthF.Regional Evacuation Modeling in the United States: A State of the Art Review.Report No. ORNL-TM/11740. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., 1991.
