Surgical Strategies: Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy

1. Attinger CE Cooper P Blume P Bulan E : The safest surgical incisions and amputations applying the angiosome principles and using the Doppler to assess the arterial-arterial connections of the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Clin. 6(4):745–99, 2001 Dec. Review http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1083-7515(02)00012-8.

2. Calder JD Saxby TS : Surgical treatment of insertional Achilles tendinosis. Foot Ankle Int. 24(2):119–21, 2003 Feb.

3. Carmount MR Mafulli N : Management of insertional Achilles tendinopathy through a Cincinnati incision. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 8:82, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-8-82.

4. Clain MR Baxter DE : Achilles tendinitis. Foot Ankle 13:482–487, 1992.

5. Den Hartog BD : Flexor hallucis longus transfer for chronic Achilles tendonosis. Foot Ankle Int. 24(3):233–237, 2003.

6. Fahlström M Jonsson P Lorentzon R Alfredson H : Chronic Achilles tendon pain treated with eccentric calf-muscle training. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 11(5):327–33, 2003 Sep. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-003-0418-z.

7. Furia JP : High energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a treatment for insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Am. J. Sports Med. 34:733–740, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546505281810.

8. Herbst S Miller S : Transection of the Medial Plantar Nerve and Hallux Cock-up Deformity After Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer for Achilles Tendinitis: Case Report. Foot Ankle Int. 27(8):639–641, 2006.

9. Johnson KW Zalavras C Thordarson DB : Surgical management of insertional calcific Achilles tendinosis with a central tendon splitting approach. Foot Ankle Int. 27(4):245–50, 2006 Apr.

10. Kolodziej P Glisson RR Nunley JA : Risk of avulsion of the Achilles tendon after partial excision for treatment of insertional tendonitis and Haglund's deformity: a biomechanical study. Foot Ankle Int. 20(7):433–7, 1999 Jul.

11. Leitze Z Sella EJ Aversa JM : Endoscopic decompression of the retrocalcaneal space. J. Bone Joint Surg. 85-A:1488–1496, 2003.

12. Maffulli N Testa V Capasso G Alessio S : Calcific Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy: Reattachment With Bone Anchors. Am. J. Sports Med. 32:174, 2004.

13. McGarvey WC Palumbo RC Baxter DE Leibman BD : Insertional Achilles tendinosis: surgical treatment through a central tendon splitting approach. Foot Ankle Int. 23(1):19–25, 2002 Jan.

14. Mulier T Rummens E Dereymaeker G : Risk of neurovascular injuries in flexor hallucus longus tendon transfers: An anatomic cadaver study. Foot Ankle Int. 28(8):910–915, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2007.0910.

15. Nicholson CW Berlet GC Lee TH : Prediction of the success of nonoperative treatment of insertional Achilles tendinosis based on MRI. Foot Ankle Int. 28(4):472–7, 2007 Apr. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2007.0472.

16. Ortmann FW McBryde AM : Endoscopic bony and soft-tissue decompression of the retrocalcaneal space for the treatment of Haglund deformity and retrocalcaneal bursitis. Foot Ankle Int. 28(2):149–53, 2007 Feb. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2007.0149.

16a. Ostrander RV Botte M.J Brage ME : Efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in foot and ankle surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 88(5):1160–1161, 2006.

17. Paavola M Kannus P Paakkala T Pasanen M Jarvinen M : Long-term prognosis of patients with achilles tendinopathy. An observational 8-year follow-up study. Am. J. Sports Med. 28(5):634–642, 2000.

18. Paoloni JA Murrell GA : Three-year followup study of topical glyc-eryl trinitrate treatment of chronic noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy. Foot Ankle Int. 28(10):1064–8, 2007 Oct. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2007.1064.

19. Rompe JD Furia J Maffulli N : Eccentric loading compared with shock wave treatment for chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy. A randomized, controlled trial. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 90(1):52–61, 2008 Jan. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.F.01494.

19a. Sayana MK Maffulli N : Eccentric calf muscle training in non-athletic patients with Achilles tendinopathy. J. Sci. Med. Sport. 10(1):52–58, 2007.

19b. Tashjian RZ Hur J Sullivan RJ Campbell JT DiGiovanni CW : Flexor hallucis longus transfer for repair of chronic achilles tendinopathy. Foot Ankle Int. 24(9):673–676, 2003.

20. Wagner E Gould J Bilen E : Change in plantarflexion strength after complete detachment and reconstruction of the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Int. 25(11):800–4, 2004 Nov.

21. Wagner E Gould JS Kneidel M Fleisig GS Fowler R : Technique and results of Achilles tendon detachment and reconstruction for insertional Achilles tendinosis. Foot Ankle Int. 27(9):677–84, 2006 Sep.

22. Watson AD Anderson RB Davis WH : Comparison of results of retrocalcaneal decompression for retrocalcaneal bursitis and insertional Achilles tendinosis with calcific spur. Foot Ankle Int. 21(8):638–42, 2000 Aug.

23. Webb J Moorjani N Radford M : Anatomy of the sural nerve and its relation to the Achillles tendon. Foot Ankle Int. 21(6):475–477, 2000.

24. Yodlowski ML Scheller Jr AD Minos L : Surgical treatment of Achilles tendonitis by decompression of the retrocalcaneal bursa and the superior calcaneal tuberosity. Am. J. Sports Med. 30:318–321, 2002.