Appendix to the Report on Arachidonic Acid

Audera, C. , Rocklin, R. , Vaillancourt, R. , Jakubowski, JA. , and Deykin, D. (1988). Altered Arachidonic Acid metabolism and platelet size in atopic subjects. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 46(3):352–9.

Basu, DK. and Karmazyn, M. (1987). Injury to rat hearts produced by an exogenous free radical generation system. Study into the role of Arachidonic Acid and eicosanoids. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 242(2):673–85.

Bay, WH. , Mishkind, MH. , Lane, GE. , and Ferris, TF. (1979). The effect of prostaglandin-synthesis stimulation and blockade on sodium excretion at a fixed renal perfusion pressure. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 93:78–84.

Bayer, BL. , Blass, K.-E. , and Forster, W. (1979). Anti-aggregatory effect of prostacyclin (PCI2) in vivo. Br. J. Pharmacol. 66:10–12.

Begin, ME. , Das, U. N. , Ells, G. , and Horrobin, DF. (1985). Selective killing of human cancer cells by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Med 19(2):177–86.

Begin, ME. , Ells, G. , Das, UN. , and Horrobin, DF. (1986). Differential killing of human carcinoma cells supplemented with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 77(5):1053–62.

Begin, ME. , Ells, G. , and Horrobin, DF. (1988). Polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced cytotoxicity against tumor cells and its relationship to lipid peroxidation.). Natl. Cancer Inst. 80(3):188–94.

Bolterman, RJ. , Bentley, MD. , Sandberg, SM. , Fiksen-Olsen, MJ. , and Romero, JC. (1989). Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal medullary prostaglandin E2 production. Am. J. Physiol. 257:F336–40.

Booyens, J. , Engelbrecht, P. , le Roux, S. , and Louwrens, CC. (1984). Some effects of the essential fatty acids linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid and of their metabolites gamma-linolenic acid, Arachidonic Acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and of prostaglandin A, and E, on the proliferation of human osteogenic sarcoma cells in culture. Prostaglandins Leukot. Med. 15:15–33.

Booyens, J. , and van der Merwe, C.F. (1985). Chronic Arachidonic Acid eicosanoid imbalance: A common feature in coronary artery disease, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, and other important diseases. Significance of desaturase enzyme inhibition and of the Arachidonic Acid desaturase-independent pathway. Med. Hypothesis 18:53–60.

Borda, ES. , de Bracco, M.M. , Finiasz, M. , and Sterin-Borda, L. (1984). Lymphocytes sensitize rat isolated atria to the inotropic and chronotropic effects of sodium Arachidonate. Br. J. Pharmacol. 81:75–83.

Bouclier, M. , Luginbuhl, B. , Delamadeleine, F. , Rossio, P. , and Hensby, C. (1989). Repeated application of Arachidonic Acid to the ear of mice: A model of chronic skin inflammation? Agents Actions 26(1-2):227–8.

Boudreau, RJ. and Mandin, H. (1981). Effect of Arachidonic Acid and indomethacin on renal function of dogs with pericardial tamponade. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 59(6):586–94.

Boyd, RM. , Nasjletti, A. , Heerdt, PM. , and Baer, PG. (1986). PGI2 synthesis and excretion in dog kidney: Evidence for renal PG compartmentalization. Am. J. Physiol. 250:F58–65.

Brenner, RR. , Peluffo, RO. , Mercuri, O. , and Restelli, MA. (1968). Effect of Arachidonic Acid in the alloxan-diabetic rat. Am. J. Physiol. 215(1):63–70.

Burch, RM. , and Tiffany, CW. (1989). Tumor necrosis factor causes amplification of Arachidonic Acid metabolism in response to interleukin 1, bradykinin, and other agonists. J. Cell. Physiol. 141:85–9.

Burstein, S. , Gagnon, G. , Hunter, SA. , and Maudsley, D. V. (1977). Elevation of prostaglandin and cyclic AMP levels by Arachidonic Acid in primary epithelial cell cultures of C3H mouse mammary tumors. Prostaglandins 13(1):41–53.

Chow, SL. and Hollander, D. (1978). Arachidonic Acid intestinal absorption: Mechanism of transport and influence of luminal factors on absorption in vitro. Lipids 13(11):768–76.

Cook, JA. , Wise, WC. , and Callihan, CS. (1979). Resistance of essential fatty acid-deficient rats to endotoxic shock. Circ. Shock 6:333–42 (secondary reference).

Cook, JA. , Wise, WC. , Knapp, DR. , and Halushka, PV. (1981). Sensitization of essential fatty acid-deficient rats to endotoxin by Arachidonate pretreatment: Role of thromboxane A2. Circ. Shock 8:69–76.

Coots, RH. (1965). Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid-1-14C in the rat. J. Lipid Res. 6:494–7.

Craven, PA. and De Rubertis, FR. (1988). Role of activation of protein kinase C in the stimulation of colonic epithelial proliferation by unsaturated fatty acids. Gastroenterology 95(3):676–85.

Das, UN. , Begin, ME. , Ells, G. , Huang, YS. , and Horrobin, DF. (1987). Polyunsaturated fatty acids augment free radical generation in tumor cells in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 145(1):15–24.

de Clerck, F. , Loots, W. , Somers, Y. , van Gorp, L. , Verheyen, A. , and Wouters, L. (1985). Thromboxane A2-induced vascular endothelial cell damage and respiratory smooth muscle cell contraction: Inhibition by flunarizine, a Ca2+-overload blocker. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 274:4–23.

de Tomas, M.E. and Mercuri, O. (1971). The in vivo incorporation of labeled linoleicacid, α-linolenic acid, and Arachidonic Acid into rat liver lipids. Lipids 6(11):787–90.

Didolkar, AK. and Sundaram, K. (1987). Arachidonic Acid is involved in the regulation of h CG-induced steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells. Life Sci. 41(4):471–7.

Dive, D. , Moreau, S. , and Cacan, M. (1978). Use of a ciliate protozoan for fungal toxins studies. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19(4):489–95.

Field, M. , Musch, MW. , and Stoff, JS. (1981). Role of prostaglandins in the regulation of intestinal electrolyte transport. Prostaglandins 21(Suppl.):73–9.

Fish, JE. , Ankin, MG. , Adkinson, Jr., N.F. , and Peterman, VI. (1981) Indomethacin modification of immediate-type immunologic airway responses in allergic asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 123(6):609–14.

Frolich, JC. , Wilson, TW. , Sweetman, BJ. , Smigel, M. , Nies, AS. , Carr, K. , Watson, JT. , and Oates, JA. (1975). Urinary prostaglandins. Identification and origin. J. Clin. Invest. 55:763–70.

Fujimoto, T. , Suzuki, H. , Tanoue, K. , Fukushima, Y. , and Yamazaki, H. (1988). Autoradiographic observations of platelets in cerebrovascular injuries induced by Arachidonic Acid and its prevention by ticlopidine. Thromb. Haemost. 60(2):319–23.

Hansen, HS. and Jensen, B. (1986). Urinary excretion of arginine-vasopressin and prostaglandin E2 in essential fatty acid-deficient rats after oral supplementation with unsaturated fatty acid esters. J. Nutr. 116:198–203.

Henricks, PA.J. , van der Tol, M.E. , van KATS-Renaud, J.H. , Nijkamp, FP. , and Verhoef, J. (1984). Differences in the effect of Arachidonic Acid on polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocyte function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 801(2):206–14.

Kabara, JJ. (1984). Cosmetic and Drug Preservation Principles and Practice. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., pp. 279, 282.

Kaneko, T. , Nakano, S.-I. , Kaji, K. , and Matsuo, M. (1988). Cytotoxicities of autoxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids toward cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 36(10):4203–05.

Karmazyn, M. and Moffat, MP. (1985). Toxic properties of Arachidonic Acid on normal, ischemic, and reperfused hearts. Indirect evidence for free radical involvement. Prostaglandin Leukot. Med. 17(2):251–64.

Kinoshita, Y. , Romero, JC. , and Knox, FG. (1989). Effect of renal interstitial infusion of Arachidonic Acid on proximal sodium reabsorption. Am. J. Physiol. 257(2 Pt. 2):F237–42.

Knapp, HR. and Melly, MA. (1986). Bactericidal effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Infect. Dis. 154(1):84–94.

Kohler, C , Wooding, W. , and Ellenbogen, L. (1976). Intravenous Arachidonate in the mouse: A model for the evaluation of antithrombotic drugs. Thrombosis Res. 9:67–80.

Kohn, A. , Gitelman, J. , and Inbar, M. (1980). Interaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids with animal cells and enveloped viruses. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 18(6):962–8.

Lambert, IH. (1987). Effect of Arachidonic Acid, fatty acids, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes on volume regulation in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J. Membr. Biol. 98(3):207–21.

Landberg, H. , Hartmann, A. , Vikse, A. , and Kiil, F. (1984). Glomerulotubular balance and prostaglandin synthesis. Renal Physiol. 7:3–12.

Lauterburg, BH. and Bircher, J. (1976). Expiratory measurement of maximal aminopyrine demethylation in vivo: Effect of phenobarbftal, partial hepatectomy, portacaval shunt and bile duct ligation in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 196:501–9.

Lee, TH. , Mencia-Huerta, J.-M. , Shih, C. , Corey, EJ. , Lewis, RA. , and Austen, KF. (1984). Effects of exogenous Arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids on the generation of 5-lipoxygenase pathway products by ionophore-activated human neutrophils. J. Clin. Invest. 74(6):1922–33.

Lehninger, AL. (1982). Principles of Biochemistry. New York: Worth Publishers, Inc. pp. 305, 595, 746-7, 759.

Leksell, LG. (1978). Effects on fluid balance induced by non-febrile intracerebroventricular infusions of PGE2, PGF2α, and Arachidonic Acid in the goat. Acta Physiol. Scand. 104(2):225–231.

Leyssac, P. P. and Christensen, P. (1981). A study of the effect of stimulated endogenous prostaglandin synthesis on urine flow, osmolar excretion rate, and renin release in hydropenic and saline loaded, anesthetized rats. Acta Physiol. Scand. 113:23–3.

Liepkalns, VA. , Icard-Liepkalns, C. , and Cornwell, DG. (1982). Regulation of cell division in a human glioma cell clone by Arachidonic Acid and α-tocopherolquinone. Cancer Lett. 15(2):173–8 (Secondary reference).

Maggi, FM. , Tyrell, N. , Maddox, Y. , Watkins, W. , Ramey, ER. , and Ramwell, P. W. (1980). Prostaglandin synthetase activity in vascular tissue of male and female rats. Prostaglandins 19:985–93.

Malmsten, CL. (1986). Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes in inflammation. Am. J. Med. 80(Suppl. 4B):11–17.

Mansour, S. and Daniel, EE. (1986). Maintenance of tone, role of Arachidonate metabolites, and effects of sensitization in guinea pig trachea. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 64(8):1096–1103.

Marshall, LA. (1988). Arachidonic Acid metabolism of cultured peritoneal rat macrophages and its manipulation by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Immunopharmacology 15(3):177–87.

Masaki, DI. , Tanna, SM. , and Hokama, Y. (1978). Effect of Arachidonic Acid (ARA), prostaglandins E2 (PGE2), and F2a (PGF2α) on sensitized spleen cells in the hemolytic plaque assay. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 22(1):205–8.

Mathe, AA. , Strandberc, K. , and Yen, A.-S. (1977). Prostaglandin release by slow reacting substance from guinea pig and human lung tissue. Prostaglandins 14(6):1105–15.

Mc Giff, JC. (1987). Arachidonic Acid metabolism. Prev. Med. 16:503–09.

Mehta, P. , Mehta, J. , Ostrowski, N. , Ross, M. , and Player, D. (1985). Arachidonic Acid and isolated human umbilical vein: Concentration-limited prostacyclin generation and absence of direct toxic effects on endothelial integrity. Prostaglandins Leukot. Med. 19(2):187–92.

Mercuri, O. and de Tomas, M.E. (1971). Ratio of in vivo incorporation of 3H-Arachidonic Acid and 14C-linoleic acid into liver lipids from normal and diabetic rats. Lipids 6(3):203–7.

Morrison, AR. (1986). Biochemistry and pharmacology of renal Arachidonic Acid metabolism. Am. J. Med. 80(Suppl. 1A), 3–11.

Myers, AK. , Nakanishi, T. , and Ramwell, P. (1988). Antagonism of PAF-induced death in mice. Prostaglandins 35(3):447–58.

Myers, A. , Papadopoulos, A. , O'Day, D. , Ramey, E. , Ramwell, P. , and Penhos, J. (1982). Sexual differentiation of Arachidonate toxicity in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 222(2):315–8.

Myers, A. , Penhos, J. , Ramey, E. , and Ramwell, P. (1983). Thromboxane agonism and antagonism in a mouse sudden death model. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 224(2):369–72.

Najid, A. , Beneytout, J.-L. , and Tixier, M. (1989). Cytotoxicity of Arachidonic Acid and of its lipoxygenase metabolite 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in culture. Cancer Lett. 46(2):137–41.

Nemoto, N. and Takayama, S. (1984). Arachidonic Acid-dependent activation of benzo[a]pyrene to bind to proteins with cytosolic and microsomal fractions from rat liver and lung. Carcinogenesis 5(7):961–4.

Palmer, MA. , Piper, PJ. , and Vane, J.R. (1973). Release of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS) and prostaglandins induced by chemical or mechanical stimulation of guinea pig lungs. Br. J. Pharmacol. 49(2):226–42.

Penhos, J.C , Montalbert-Smith, M. , Rabbani, F. , Ramey, E. , and Ramwell, PW. (1979). Arachidonate induced mortality in male and female mice. Prostaglandins 18(5):697–706.

Petry, FM. , Tutton, PJ.M. , Barkla, DH. (1984). The influence of Arachidonic Acid metabolites on cell division in the intestinal epithelium and in colonic tumors. Prostaglandins Leukot. Med. 15(3):349–58.

Puri, S. , Belliveau, RE. , Spencer, RP. , and Bachur, NR. (1975). Prostaglandins in mice neuroblastoma. J. Nucl. Med. 16(1):83–5.

Rabbani, F. , Meyers, A. , Ramey, E. , Ramwell, P. , and Penhos, J. (1981). Acute protection against Arachidonate toxicity by hydrocortisone and dexamethasone in mice. Prostaglandins 21(5):699–704.

Ramesha, CS. , Gronke, RS. , Sivarajan, M. , and Lands, WE.M. (1985). Metabolic products of Arachidonic Acid in rats. Prostaglandins 29(6):991–1008.

Rao, GH.R. , Gerrard, JM. , Eaton, JW. , and White, JG. (1978). The role of iron in prostaglandin synthesis: Ferrous iron mediated oxidation of Arachidonic Acid. Prostaglandins Med. 1:55–70.

Raychowdhury, Mx, Goswami, R. , and Chakrabarti, P. (1985). Effect of unsaturated fatty acids in growth inhibition of some penicillin-resistant and sensitive bacteria. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 59(2):183–8.

Rheins, LA. , Barnes, L. , Amornsiripanitch, S. , Collins, CE. , and Nordlund, JJ. (1987). Suppression of the cutaneous immune response following topical application of the prostaglandin PGE2. Cell. Immunol. 106:33–42.

Rheins, LA. and Nordlund, JJ. (1986). Modulation of the population density of identifiable epidermal Langerhans cells associated with enhancement or suppression of cutaneous immune reactivity. J. Immunol. 136(3):867–76.

Ruzicka, T. , and Burg, G. (1987). Effects of chronic intracutaneous administration of Arachidonic Acid and its metabolites. Induction of leukocytoclastic vasculitis by leukotriene B4 and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and its prevention by prostaglandin E2. J. Invest. Dermatol. 88(2):120–23.

Ruzicka, T. and Printz, M. P. (1982). Arachidonic Acid metabolism in skin: Experimental contact dermatitis in guinea pigs. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 69(4):347–52.

Saksena, SK. , Lau, I.-F. , and Shaikh, A. A. (1974). Cyclic changes in the uterine tissue content of F-prostaglandins and the role of prostaglandins in ovulation in mice. Fertil. Seteril. 25(7):636–43.

Samuelsson, B. (1987). An elucidation of the Arachidonic Acid cascade discovery of prostaglandins, thromboxane, and leukotrienes. Drugs 33(Suppl. 1):2–9.

Sananes, N. , Baulieu, E.-E. , and le Goascogne, C. (1981). A role for prostaglandins in decidualization of the rat uterus. J. Endocrinol. 89:25–33.

Schwartzman, ML. , Balazy, M. , Masferrer, J. , Abraham, NC. , Mc Giff, J.C , and Murphy, RC. (1987). 12(R)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid: a cytochrome P450-dependent Arachidonate metabolite that inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase in the cornea. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 84(22):8125–29.

Sejersted, OM. , Vikse, A. , Eide, I. , and Kiil, F. (1984). Renal venous and urinary PCE2 output during intrarenal Arachidonic Acid infusion in dogs. Acta Physiol. Scand. 121:249–59.

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Siegel, I. , Liu, T. L. , Yaghoubzadeh, E. , Keskey, TS. , and Gleicher, N. (1987). Cytotoxic effects of free fatty acids on ascites tumor cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78(2):271–7.

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