Whole-Body Plethysmography in Sedentary or Exercise Conditions to Determine Pulmonary Toxicity,Including Hypersensitivity Induced by Airborne Toxicants

Abstract

References

1. O'neil, J.J. , and Raub, J.A. (1984). Pulmonary function testing in small laboratory animals. Environ. Health Perspect. 56, 11–22.

2. Costa, D.L. (1985). Interpretation of new techniques used in the determination of pulmonary function in rodents. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 5, 423–434.

3. Mauderly, J.L. (1989). Effect of inhaled toxicants on pulmonary functions. In: McClellan, R.O. , and Henderson, R.F. (eds.). Concepts in Inhalation Toxicology. New York: Hemisphere Publishing, pp. 347–401.

4. Alarie, Y. , Ulrich, C.E. , Busey, W.M. , Swann, H.E. , and Macfarland, H.N. (1970). Long term continuous exposure of guinea pigs to sulfur dioxide. Arch. Environ. Health 21, 769–777.

5. Alarie, Y. , Ulrich, C.E. , Haddock, R.H. , Jennings, H.J. , and Davis, E.F. (1970). Respiratory system flow resistance with digital computer techniques; measurements in cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs. Arch. Environ. Health 21, 283–291.

6. Alarie, Y. , Krumm, A. A. , Jennings, H.J. , and Haddock, R.H. (1971). Distribution of ventilation in cynomolgus monkeys; measurement with real-time digital computerization. Arch. Environ. Health 22, 633–642.

7. Alarie, Y. , Ulrich, C.E. , Krumm, A.A. , Haddock, R.H. , and Jennings, H.J. (1971). Mechanical properties of the lung in cynomolgus monkeys; measurements with real-time digital computerization. Arch. Environ. Health 22, 643–654.

8. Alarie, Y. , Ulrich, C.E. , Busey, W.M. , Krumm, A.A. , and Macfarland, H.N. (1972). Long term continuous exposure to sulfur dioxide in cynomolgus monkeys. Arch. Environ. Health 24, 115–127.

9. Alarie, Y. , Krumm, A.A. , Busey, W.M. , Ulrich, C.E. , and Kantz, R.J. (1975). Long term exposure to sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid mist, fly ash, and their mixtures. Arch. Environ. Health 30, 254–262.

10.

10. Wong, K.L. , and Alarie, Y. (1982). A method for repeated evaluation of pulmonary performance in unanesthetized. unrestrained guinea pigs and its application to detect effects of sulfuric acid mist inhalation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 63, 62–70.

11.

11. Malek, D.E. , and Alarie, Y , (1989). Ergometer within a whole body plethysmograph to evaluate performance of guinea pigs under toxic atmospheres. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 101, 340–355.

12.

12. Alarie, Y. , and Schaper, M. (1988). Pulmonary performance in laboratory animals exposed to toxic agents and correlations with lung disease in humans. In: Loke, J. (ed.). Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries. New York: Marcel Dekker, pp. 67–122.

13.

13. Alarie, Y. (1966). Irritating properties of airborne materials to the upper respiratory tract. Arch. Environ. Health 13, 433–449.

14.

14. Alarie, Y. , and Luo, J.E. (1986). Sensory irritation by airborne chemicals, a basis to establish acceptable levels of exposure. In: Barrow, C.S. (ed.). Toxicology of the Nasal Passages. Washington. DC: Hemisphere, pp. 91–100.

15.

15. Alarie, Y. (1981). Toxicologic evaluation of airborne chemical irritants and allergens using respiratory reflex reactions. In: Leong, B.K.J. (ed.). Proceedings of the Inhalation Toxicology and Technology Symposium. Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Science, pp. 207–231.

16.

16. Amdur, M.O. , and Mead, J. (1955). A method for studying the mechanical properties of the lungs of unanesthetized animals: Application to the study of respiratory irritants. In: Proceedings of the Third National Air Pollution Symposium. Pasadena, Ca, pp. 150-159.

17.

17. Bert, P. (1870). LeçLons sur la physiologie comparée de la respiration Bailliere, Paris.

18.

18. McCUTCHEON, F.H. (1951). The mammalian breathing mechanism. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 37, 447–476.

19.

19. Chapin, J. (1954). The ventilatory response of the unrestrained hamster to carbon dioxide. Am. J. Physiol. 179, 146–148.

20.

20. Drobaugh, J.E. , and Fenn, W.O. (1955). A barometric method for measuring ventilation in newborn infants. Pediatrics 16, 81–87.

21.

21. Bargeton, D. , and Barres, G. (1956). Mésure volumetrique de la perte de charge dans les voies aeriennes. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 150, 1343–1347.

22.

22. Jaeger, M.J. , and Otis, A.B. (1964). Measurement of airway resistance with a volume displacement body plethysmograph. J. Appl. Physiol. 19, 813–820.

23.

23. Malan, A. (1973). Ventilation measured by body plethysmography in hibernating mammals; and in poikilotherms. Resp. Physiol. 17, 32–44.

24.

24. Epstein, R.A. , Epstein, M.A. , Haddad, G.G. , and Mellins, R.B. (1980). Practical implementation of the barometric method for measurement of tidal volume. J. Appl. Physiol. 49, 1107–1115.

25.

25. Burleich-Flayer, H. , and Alarie, Y. (1987). Concentration-dependent respiratory responses of guinea pigs to paraquat aerosols. Arch. Toxicol. 59, 391–396.

26.

26. Ellakkani, M.A. , Alarie, Y. , Weyel, D. , Mazumdar, S. , and Karol, M. H (1984). Pulmonary reactions to inhaled cotton dust: An animal model for byssinosis. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 74, 267–284.

27.

27. Alarie, Y. , Ferguson, J.S. , Stock, M.F. , Weyel, D.A. , and Schaper, M. (1987). Sensory and pulmonary irritation of methyl isocyanate in mice and pulmonary imitation and possible cyanide-like effects of methyl isocyanate in guinea pigs. Environ. Health Perspect. 72, 159–167.

28.

28 Iwasaki, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1989). Reduction of exercise performance in guinea pigs by histamine aerosols. Toxicologist 8, 188, 1988.

29.

29. Iwasaki, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1990). Performance of guinea pigs at exercise following exposure to paraquat aerosols. Toxicologist 10, 206.

30.

30. Zelenak, J.P. , Alarie, Y. , and Weyel, D.A. (1982). Assessment of the cough reflex caused by inhalation of sodium lauryl sulfate and citric acid aerosols. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 2, 177–180.

31.

31. Brost, M. , Stock, M. , Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1989). Bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs induced by repeated exposures to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) aerosols. Toxicologist 9, 188, 1989.

32.

32. Osimitz, T.G. , Manderfield, C.E. , Stock, M. , Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1990). Respiratory effects of aerosols from four different pyrethroid-containing insecticidal fumigating formulas. Toxicologist 10, 173.

33.

33. Detwiler, K. , Thompson, R.D. , Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1989). Bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs repeatedly exposed to ovalbumin aerosols and its prevention by verapamil. Toxicologist 9, 188, 1989.

34.

34. Karol, M.H. , Stadler, J. , Underhill, D. , and Alarie, Y. (1981). Monitoring delayed-onset pulmonary hypersensitivity in guinea pigs. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 61, 277–285.

35.

35. Thorne, P.S. , Hillebrand, J. , Magreni, C. , Riley, E.J. , and Karol, M.H. (1986). Experimental sensitization to subtilisin. Production of immediate and late-onset pulmonary reactions. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 86, 112–123.

36.

36. Alarie, Y. , and Stock, M.F. (1988). Arterial blood gas measurements in guinea pigs and inspired Co2 concentration for ventilatory performance challenges. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 11, 268–276.

37.

37. Ferguson, J.S. , Kennedy, A.L. , Stock, M.F. , Brown, W.E. , and Alarie, Y. (1988). Uptake and distribution of 14C during and following exposure to [14C]methyl isocyanate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 94, 104–117.

38.

38. Kennedy, A.L. , Stock, M.F. , Alarie, Y. , and Brown, W.E. (1989). Uptake and distribution of 14C during and following inhalation exposure to radioactive toluene diisocyanate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 100, 280–292.

39.

39. Stock, M.F. , Alarie, Y. , and Schaper, M. (1988). Simultaneous measurements of whole body plethysmographic pressure and transpulmonary pressure during air breathing and Co2 challenge. Toxicologist 8, 142.

40.

40. Amdur, M.O. (1966). The respiratory response of guinea pigs to histamine aerosols. Arch. Environ. Health 13, 29–37.

41.

41. Ellakkani, M.A. , Alarie, Y. , Weyel, D. , and Karol, M.H. (1987). Chronic pulmonary effects in guinea pigs from prolonged inhalation of cotton dust. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 88, 354–367.

42.

42. Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1988). Induction of abnormal ventilatory responses to Co2 and evaluation of agents to prevent or reverse these responses. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 10, 506–516.

43.

43. Lee, L.Y. , Dumont, C. , Djokic, D. , Menzel, T.E. , and Nadel, J.A. (1979). Mechanism of rapid shallow breathing after ozone exposure in conscious dogs. J. Appl. Physiol. 46, 1108–1109.

44.

44. Lee, L.Y. , Djokic, T.D. , Dumont, C. , Graf, P.D. , and Nadel, J.A. (1980). Mechanism of ozone induced tachypneic response to hypoxia and hypercapnia in conscious dogs. J. Appl. Physiol. 48, 163–168.

45.

45. Hazucha, M.J. , Bates, D.V. , and Bromberg, P.A. (1989). Mechanism of action of ozone on the human lung. J. Appl. Physiol. 67, 1535–1541.

46.

46. Haldane, J.S. , Meakins, J.C. , and Priestley, J.G. (1918). The reflex restriction of respiration after gas poisoning. Report No. 5 of the Chemical Warfare Medical Committee, Canadian General Hospital, England, pp. 1–13.

47.

47. Rebuck, A.S. , and Slutsky, A.S. (1986). Control of breathing in diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs. In: Chemiack, N.S. and Widdicombe, J.G. (eds.). Handbook of physiology, The Respiratory System, Baltimore, Md: Williams and Wilkins Co., pp. 771–791.

48.

48. Prausnitz, C. (1936). Investigations of respiratory dust disease in operatives in the cotton industry. Special Report Series, No. 212, Medical Research Council, London.

49.

49. Chan-Yeung, M. , and Lam, S. (1986). Occupational asthma. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133, 686–703.

50.

50. Seegal, B.C. (1935). Anaphylaxis. In: Gay, F.P. (ed.). Agents of Disease and Host Resistance. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, pp. 36–78.

51.

51. Carswell, F. , and Oliver, J. (1978). The respiratory response in sensitized rats to aerosol challenge. Immunology 34, 465–470.

52.

52. Piechuta, H. , Smith, M.E. , Share, N.N. , and Holme, G. (1979). The respiratory response of sensitized rats to challenge with antigen aerosols. Immunology 38, 385–392.

53.

53. Dorsch, W. , Waldherr, H. , and Rosmanith, J. (1981). Continuous recording of intrapulmonary “compressed air” as a sensitive noninvasive method of measuring bronchial obstruction in guinea pigs. Pflugers Arch. 391, 236–241.

54.

54. Ryan, L.K. , and Karol, M.H. (1989). Acute respiratory response of guinea pigs to lipopolysaccharide, lipid A, and monophosphoryl lipid A from Salmonella minnesota. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 104, 1429–1435.

55.

55. Garard, C.S. , and Lane, D. J. (1979). The pattern of breathing in patients with chronic airflow obstruction. Clin. Sci. 56, 215–221.

56.

56. Griswold, S.S. , Chambers, L.A. , and Motley, H.L. (1957). Report of a case of exposure to high ozone concentrations for two hours. Ama Arch. Ind. Health 15, 108–110.

57.

57. Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1985). The effects of aerosols of carbamylcholine, serotonin and propranolol on the ventilatory response to Co2 in guinea pigs and comparison with the effects of histamine and sulfuric acid. Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 56, 244–249.

58.

58. Burleigh-Flayer, H. , and Alarie, Y. (1988). Pulmonary effects of repeated exposures to paraquat aerosol in guinea pigs. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 10, 717–729.

59.

59. Weiss, B. (1989). Behavior as an end point for inhaled toxicants. In: McClellan, R.O. , and Henderson, R. (eds.). Concept in Inhalation Toxicology. New York: Hemisphere Publishing, pp. 493–513.

60.

60. Witschi, H.R. (1989). Toxicological interactions and the pathogenesis of acute and chronic lung injury. In: McClellan, R.O. , and Henderson, R. (eds.). Concepts in Inhalation Toxicology. New York: Hemisphere Publishing, pp. 475–492.

61.

61. Matijak-Schaper, M. , Wong, K.L. , and Alarie, Y. (1983). A method to rapidly evaluate the acute pulmonary effects of aerosols in unanesthetized guinea pigs. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 69, 451–460.

62.

62. Schaper, M. , Kegerize, J. , and Alarie, Y. (1984). Evaluation of concentration-response. relationships for histamine and sulfuric acid aerosols in unanesthetized guinea pigs for their effects on the ventilatory response to Co2 Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 73, 533–542.

63.

63. Schaper, M. , Detwiler, K. , and Alarie, Y. (1989). Alteration of respiratory cycle timing by propranolol. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 97, 538–547.

64.

64. Wong, K.L. , Karol, M.H. , and Alarie, Y. (1985). Use of repeated Co2 challenges to evaluate the pulmonary performance of guinea pigs exposed to toluene diisocyanate. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 15, 137–148.

65.

65. Burleigh-Flayer, H. , Wong, K.L. , and Alarie, Y. (1985). Evaluation of the pulmonary effects of Hcl using Co2 challenges in guinea pigs. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 5, 978–985.

66.

66. Wong, K.L. , Stock, M.F. , Malek, D.E. , and Alarie, Y. (1984). Evaluation of pulmonary effects of wood smoke in guinea pigs by repeated Co2 challenges. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 75, 69–80.

67.

67. Wong, K.L. , Stock, M.F. , and Alarie, Y. (1983). Evaluation of the pulmonary toxicity of plasticized polyvinyl chloride thermal decomposition products in guinea pigs by repeated Co2 challenges. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 70, 236–248.

68.

68. Karol, M.H. , Ellakkani, M. , Barnet, M. , Alarie, Y. , and Fischer. J.J. (1985). Comparison of the respiratory response of guinea pigs to cotton dust and endotoxin from Enterobacter agglomerons. In: Wakelyn, P.J. , and Jacobs, R.R. (eds.). Proceedings of the Ninth Cotton Dust Research Conference. Raleigh, NC: National Cotton Council and Cotton, Inc., pp. 146–147.

69.

69. Ellakkani, M.A. , Alarie, Y. , Weyel, D. , and Karol, M.H. (1985). Concentration-dependent respiratory response of guinea pigs to a single exposure of cotton dust. Toxicol. Appl. Phmacol. 80, 357–366.

70.

70. Alarie, Y. , Ellakkani, M. , Weyel, D. , Mazumdar, S. , and Karol, M. (1984). Monday post-shift respiratory response in guinea pigs following inhalation of cotton dust. In: Wakelyn, P.J. , and Jacobs, R.R. (eds.). Proceedings of the Eighth Cotton Dust Research Conference. Raleigh, NC: National Cotton Council and Cotton, Inc., pp. 84–88.

71.

71. Alarie, Y. , Ellakkani, M. , Weyel, D. , and Karol, M. (1985). Respiratory parameters which characterize the response of guinea pigs to inhalation of cotton dust. In: Wakelyn, P.J. , and Jacobs, R.R. (eds.). Proceedings of the Ninth Cotton Dust Research Conference. Raleigh, NC: National Cotton Council and Cotton, Inc., pp 171–177.

72.

72. Ferguson, J. , Schaper, M. , and Alarie, Y. (1987). Pulmonary effects of a polyisocyariate aerosol: hexamythylene diisocyanate trimer (HDIt) or Desmodur-N (DES-N). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 89, 332–346.

73.

73. Ferguson, J.S., and Alarie, Y. (1990). Long term pulmonary impairment following a single exposure to methyl isocyanate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. In press.

74.

74. Alarie, Y. , Iwasaki, M. , Stock, M.F. , Pearson, R.C. , Shane, B.S. , and Lisk, D.I. (1989). Effects of inhaled municipal refuse incinerator fly ash in the guinea pig. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 28, 13–25.

75.

75. Bargeton, D. (1959). Explorations plethysmographiques en physiologie respiratoire humaine. Pathologie et Biologie 7, 1747–1755.